Alaska -- Antiquities; Eskimos; Eskimos -- Anthropometry; Indians of North America -- Alaska; Indians of North America -- Yukon
The women are not prolific. Although all the adults are or have
been married, many of them are childless, and few have more than
two children. One woman was known to have at least four, but
investigations of this sort were rendered extremely difficult by
the universal custom of adoption. Doctor Simpson heard of a "rare
case" where one woman had borne seven children. We heard of no
twins at either village, though we obtained the Eskimo word for
twins.
1890, Murdoch:[89]
The people who live on the extreme northwest corner of our
continent are far from being an ugly or an ill-made race. Though
they are not tall--a man of 5 feet 10 inches is a tall man among
them--they are well proportioned, broad shouldered, and deep
chested. The men, as a rule, are particularly well "set up," like
well-drilled soldiers and walk and stand with a great deal of grace
and dignity.
The women do not have such good figures, but are inclined to
slouchiness. They are seldom inclined to be fleshy, though their
plump, round faces, along with their thick fur clothing, often
give them the appearance of being fat. They generally have round,
full faces, with rather high cheek bones, small, rounded noses,
full lips, and small chins. Still, you now and then see a person
with an oval face and aquiline nose. Many of the men are very good
looking, and some of the young women are exceedingly pretty. Their
complexion is a dark brunet, often with a good deal of bright color
on the cheeks and especially on the lips. They sunburn very much,
especially in the spring, when the glare of the sun is reflected
from the snow. They have black or dark-brown eyes and abundant
black hair. The women's hair is often long and silky. When they are
young they have white and regular teeth, but these are worn down to
stumps before middle life is reached. Cheerful and merry faces are
the rule.
1890, Kelly:[90]
_Personal appearance._--There are three types observable among the
Arctic Eskimos of Alaska. The tall, cadaverous natives of Kangoot,
Seelawik, Koovuk, and Kikiktowruk, on Kotzebue Sound, who live on
fish, ptarmigans, and marmots. They always have a hungry look and
habitually wear a grin of fiendish glee at having circumvented an
adverse fate. There is a tendency among these people to migrate
north.
Then there is the tall, strongly knit type of the Nooatoks, a
gigantic race, of a splendid physique that would be remarkable in
any part of the world.
Rugged as the mountains among which they live, vigorous and
courageous, they stop at nothing but the impossible to accomplish
a desired end. Their food supply is the reindeer, mountain sheep,
ptarmigans, and fish. There are many of the coast natives of this
type, but they lack the healthy glow and the indomitable will of
the Nooatoks.
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