Appletons' Popular Science Monthly, May, 1900: Vol. 57, May, 1900 to October, 1900Various
Science
Appletons' Popular Science Monthly, May, 1900: Vol. 57, May, 1900 to October, 1900
Various
Science -- Periodicals; Technology -- Periodicals
=Photographing Live Fishes.=--A number of methods are mentioned by
Dr. R. W. Schufeldt, in a paper on the subject, by which fishes may
be photographed in their natural element, with natural surroundings.
This can be done, even under the surface of the water, by the use
of certain subaquatic apparatus. By the employment of instantaneous
photography some fishes have been taken in the air, as of salmon
in the act of leaping, or of flying fish in flight. Such pictures,
however, illustrate special habits rather than the ordinary life
of the subjects. Well-arranged aquariums afford opportunities for
photographing fishes in almost every condition and position, and a
command of light and situation can be had in them which is of great
advantage to the operator. The specimens of fish photographs published
by the author with his paper are in every way satisfactory. The spots
on the sunfish, for example, are almost as clear and distinct as if
we had the fish lying before us in the broad light. The photograph of
the pike has afforded opportunity to correct some inaccuracies in the
drawing of it as given in previous works of high authority.
* * * * *
=Marine Life at Cold Spring Harbor, Long Island.=--Mr. Francis N.
Beach, in presenting to the Boston Society of Natural History a list
of the Marine Mollusca of Cold Spring Harbor, Long Island, speaks of
the locality as representing “a fairly distinct facies of molluscan
life--the fauna of the oyster beds, broadly speaking. From this point
of view, its homogeneity and the absence of stragglers lend it value.
Probably almost every species enumerated lives on the spot where
found or in the immediate vicinity. This characteristic makes the
spot a good sample of actual conditions of life in that interesting
transitional region where the ‘Virginian’ and ‘Acadian’ (or ‘Boreal’)
faunas overlap. From this point of view it is, so far from being
homogeneous, strikingly heterogeneous.” Of the two faunas, the southern
one contributes a quota rather more than twice that of the more
northern one, and the increase in the preponderance of southern forms
can be detected in a range of forty miles. The author concludes from
his examination that, notwithstanding the well-marked character of
Cold Spring Harbor as “muddy,” its molluscan fauna is determined not
at all by that character, but predominantly by the depth of water and
by the factors included in the “inclosedness” of the place--that is,
he supposes, by the temperature, the specific gravity, the percentage
of organic matter, etc. “It looks as though the various species would
manage somehow to be represented on almost any stretch of shore or
bottom, provided only the _water conditions_ be right.”
* * * * *
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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