[472] Quemadmodum viridium emplastrorum plurima propter æruginem præpollentem talia fiunt, præsertim quæ sunt ex ipsis coloratiora; ita quoque Melina. Sed viridia æruginem incoctam habent, Melina vero coctam quidem sed mediocriter; nam si amplius coquas, bicolora emplastra quibusdam appellata, quibusdam gilva, efficies. Solent Medici viridia, simpliciter, Melina, et rufa, nominare, etc.—Galen _de Compositione Medicamentorum per Genera_, cap. vi.—Kühn’s edit. vol. xiii. p. 503. [473] See _Archæologia_, vol. ix. p. 228. [474] Aetius’ _Tetrabiblos_, Cornarius’ edit. p. 359. [475] De Medicam. Liber.: _Med. Artis Principes_, p. 281. [476] De Compos. Med.: _Ibid._ p. 660. [477] Paulus Ægineta’s _Works_. Dr. Adams’ Translation, vol. iii. p. 551. [478] Cornarius’ Translation, p. 435. [479] Opobalsam, the “succus a plaga” of the Syrian balsam tree. See _Pliny._ lib. xii. c. 25.—Dioscorides, in describing its origin, effects, etc., specially recommends it as a detergent application in dimness of sight (quæ pupillis tenebras offundunt, exterget).—Lib. i. cap. xviii. p. 18. [480] The inscription on the Daspich stone is “Q. VALLERI SEXTI STACTUM AD CALIGINES OPOBALSAMATUM.” Paulus Ægineta gives a special collyrium under the designation of “Collyrium from opobalsam”—_Collyrium ex opobalsamo._ See Dr. Adams’ Translation in the Sydenham Society Edition, vol. iii. p. 554. The opobalsam is a frequent ingredient in the various collyria described by Galen, Aetius, etc. [481] _Catalogue of Antiquities, Coins, etc., in the possession of the Society of Antiquaries of London_, by Albert Way, Esq. 1847, p. 12. [482] _Archæologia_, vol. ix. p. 227. [483] For the purpose of explanation, I have changed the order of the sides, bringing forward as the second what Mr. Gough gives as the fourth side. [484] Kühn’s _Galen_, vol. xii. p. 781. [485] Sectio xxiv. De Collyriis, p. 662. [486] _Tetrabiblos_, Sermo iii. cap. 110, p. 434. [487] _De Arte Medica_, lib. ii. cap. v. p. 175. [488] Dr. Adams’ Translation, vol. iii. p. 554; and vol. i. p. 421. [489] Thus, for example, the ingredients in the collyrium Thalasseros, as given by Paulus Ægineta, are “calamine, 8 ounces; verdigris, 2 ounces; Indian ink, 8 ounces; white pepper, 4 ounces; median juice, 1 ounce; opobalsam, 2 ounces; and gum, 6 ounces.”—_Ibid._ vol. iii. p. 554. [490] Kühn’s edit. of _Galen_, vol. xii. pp. 786 and 787. [491] _Commentar. in App._ vi. 31. _De Simplic. Med._ ix. 39. Dr. Adams’ _Paulus Ægineta_, vol. iii. p. 420. Plautus, in his _Mostellaria_ (Act i. scene iii. v. 106), enumerates in the same line the _Cerussa_ and _Melinum_ as among the number of the cosmetic paints used at the toilets of the Roman ladies:— Non isthanc aetatem oportet pigmentum ullum attingere Neque _cerussam_, neque _melinum_, neque ullam aliam offuciam.