Architecture : $b nineteenth and twentieth centuriesHitchcock, Henry-Russell
History
Architecture : $b nineteenth and twentieth centuries
Hitchcock, Henry-Russell
Architecture, Modern -- 19th century; Architecture, Modern -- 20th century
Other state capitols of this period are Grecian but not of temple form;
a good example is that Town & Davis built at Raleigh, North Carolina,
which was begun in 1833. The finest of all is that for Ohio at
Columbus,[92] begun in 1839-40 and carried to completion over the years
1848-61. Here the giant ‘pilastrade’, for which columns are substituted
in the central third of the front, has a Schinkel-like directness and
severity (Plate 39A). Not so happy is the flat-topped central lantern,
which is also surrounded by a pilastrade. In conscientious pursuit of
trabeated consistency the architects thus sought to mask the rounded
shape of the dome within, as had been tried in various French projects
of the late eighteenth century and by Schinkel in the Altes Museum
already.
After Philadelphia, Boston was the architectural metropolis of this
period; and from Boston, beginning in 1827, issued the later treatises
of Benjamin purveying the Grecian orders to carpenters and builders all
over the North and the Middle West. Here Bulfinch, however, established
as the leading architect in the 1790s, long remained faithful to the
ideals of Chambers and Adam (see Chapter 1).
At University Hall, built for Harvard College in Cambridge, Mass., in
1813-15, Bulfinch used granite for the ashlar of the walls as he had
done for his Boston City Hall of 1810, but the white-painted wooden trim
is not yet Grecian. The Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston, also
of granite, was designed by him in 1816-17, just before he left for
Washington to take over from Latrobe supervision of the construction of
the Capitol. The hospital building (now known as the Bulfinch Pavilion)
as executed by Alexander Parris (1780-1852) in 1818-20 is certainly a
mature Romantic Classical edifice if not a typically Grecian one. Above
the plain pediment of the central portico a square attic with corner
chimneys supports the saucer dome, and the long side wings with three
ranges of unframed windows display the fine granite ashlar of Boston in
all its cold pride. Compared to Latrobe, however, Bulfinch remained a
provincial if not a colonial designer, high as is the intrinsic quality
of his best work.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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