Architecture : $b nineteenth and twentieth centuriesHitchcock, Henry-Russell
History
Architecture : $b nineteenth and twentieth centuries
Hitchcock, Henry-Russell
Architecture, Modern -- 19th century; Architecture, Modern -- 20th century
Rogers’s pre-eminence at hotel design was signalized from the first by
the publication in 1830 of a monograph on the Tremont House;[97] thus
the hotel joined the prison as a type of building in which American
influence became important internationally. But Rogers’s practice was by
no means confined to hotels; among other things he gave both Boston and
New York their Merchants Exchanges long before he became Supervising
Architect in Washington. The colonnade of the latter, a little like that
of Schinkel’s Altes Museum, still survives at the base of McKim, Mead &
White’s First National City Bank in Wall Street to illustrate Rogers’s
high competence at handling a standard Romantic Classical theme.
Resort hotels repeated the same Grecian themes in wood, their columns
being often much attenuated in order to rise three and four storeys
above the circumambient verandas. However, an early example, the first
Ocean House of 1841 at Newport, R.I., had a colonnade only two storeys
tall set against the main four-storey block. On the Atlantic House there
of 1844 the fourth storey occupied the broad Greek entablature
surrounding the entire main block, but the front portico of elongated
Ionic columns was only hexastyle. Both were burnt many years ago, but
later examples of inferior quality remain in several forgotten spas and
mountain resorts of the period, particularly in New York State.
New York City was drawing architectural talent in these years from other
cities. Before Rogers moved there from Boston in 1834, mid way in the
Astor House campaign, Town & Davis had arrived from Connecticut. Davis’s
Sub-Treasury in Wall Street begun in 1834,[98] however, is rather less
successful than the earlier New England houses of similar temple form
that he and Town had designed. Davis was himself more notably a
protagonist of the Picturesque, despite all the very large and prominent
Grecian buildings for which he was responsible (see Chapter 6). Yet his
Colonnade Row in Lafayette Street of 1832, a terrace all of freestone
with a free-standing giant Corinthian colonnade, equals in grandeur
anything of the period that London or Edinburgh have to offer (Plate
42A). More typical of New York in this period than Colonnade Row, and of
uncertain authorship, is the terrace of red-brick Grecian houses built
on the north side of Washington Square in the thirties, of which a few
have survived on sufferance the vandalous encroachments of New York
University.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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