Architecture : $b nineteenth and twentieth centuriesHitchcock, Henry-Russell
History
Architecture : $b nineteenth and twentieth centuries
Hitchcock, Henry-Russell
Architecture, Modern -- 19th century; Architecture, Modern -- 20th century
In 1840 the elder Bridant, who also built Chalets in the succeeding
years around the lake at Enghien, a watering-place on the outskirts of
Paris, built a Gothic ‘Castel’ on the plain of Passy, then a fairly open
suburb. This was markedly asymmetrical and consistently medieval in
detail. The contemporary fame of this enlarged garden fabrick—for such
it really was—indicates its unique position in contemporary production,
as unique as Moffatt’s Gothic house in Park Lane in London. L.-M. Boltz,
an architect of Alsatian if not German origin but a pupil of Henri
Labrouste, had some success with a less feudal mode, half-timbered and
asymmetrical, in the forties—a house of 1842 at Champeaux, S.-et-M., was
typical.
This modest influx into France of Picturesque models from contemporary
Germany as well as from contemporary England might lead one to assume
that the Picturesque, if not the Gothic Revival, was more significant in
Central Europe. In Germany and Austria, however, as also in Scandinavia,
Picturesque and medievalizing tendencies mostly merged with Romantic
Classicism in the _Rundbogenstil_ rather than standing apart, thus
constituting neither an opposition eventually rising to triumph in the
English way, nor a mere gesture of aberrant protest as in France.
Schinkel’s interest in Gothic has already been touched on, but none of
his more ambitious Gothic projects ever got beyond the drawing-board
(see Chapter 2). There are fewer such, in any case, belonging to his
later than to his earlier years. Moreover, the Gothic of the early
projects naturally belongs to the contemporary High Romantic world of
Wyatt’s Fonthill Abbey and Latrobe’s alternative design for the
Baltimore Cathedral, not to the ethical and archaeological milieu of
Pugin and the Camdenians. Most of the virtues—by no means negligible—of
his Berlin Werder Church of the twenties are not Gothic virtues—not at
any rate as Englishmen of the succeeding decades understood them—they
are rather Romantic Classical virtues. The principal interest of his
earlier Kreuzberg Memorial lies in its cast-iron material, a material
anathema to Pugin as a ‘modernistic’ innovation. The Babelsberg Schloss,
based principally on the modern castles that he saw on his visit to
England in 1826, makes no pretensions to archaeological correctness in
the way of Pugin’s Alton Castle of about 1840 or Salvin’s still later
Peckforton.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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