Architecture : $b nineteenth and twentieth centuriesHitchcock, Henry-Russell
History
Architecture : $b nineteenth and twentieth centuries
Hitchcock, Henry-Russell
Architecture, Modern -- 19th century; Architecture, Modern -- 20th century
There was also in England at this time a general tendency, even more
notable than in Austria or Germany, to enrich and elaborate plastically
the long-established Renaissance Revival mode. This is less specifically
inspired by Paris. An excellent example is provided by the extensive
range of terraces, designed by Sancton Wood (1814-86) in 1857, that
flank Lancaster Gate in the Bayswater Road in London with their boldly
projecting bay windows linked by tiers of colonnades. In other examples,
such as the National Discount Company’s offices at 65 Cornhill built by
the Francis Brothers in 1857, the capping of the whole block with a
boldly dormered mansard[206] is more obviously of Second Empire
inspiration, though the façades below are merely of a much enriched
_palazzo_ order.
When the Moseley Brothers designed in 1858 the vast Westminster Palace
Hotel near Westminster Abbey at the foot of Victoria Street, a
caravanserai intended to exceed the Hardwicks’ Great Western Hotel of
1850-2 in international luxury, they took over its pavilioned and
mansarded design. To judge from the relative dignity and sobriety of
their detailing, they would seem to have studied contemporary Parisian
work—not the New Louvre but the quieter _maisons de rapport_ along the
boulevards—rather than merely basing themselves on the prize-winning
Government Offices projects as so many others were content to do at this
time. This hotel, which proved a failure, now serves as a block of
offices, and has been remodelled almost beyond recognition.
The next year Barry designed the Halifax Town Hall, his last work. He
did not himself propose to cap this, like the Government Offices in his
Whitehall scheme, with French mansards; those that were executed are an
emendation by his son, E. M. Barry, who carried the building to
completion in 1862 after his father’s death in 1860. But the richly
arcaded articulation of the walls and the emphatic forward breaks of the
great tower and of the more modest pavilion at the other end clearly
emulate, without directly imitating, the sumptuous plasticity of the New
Louvre. Nevertheless, the boldly asymmetrical composition, dominated by
a single corner tower, is more in the Italian Villa vein (Plate 78B).
This tower—but not the site—was lined up with the axis of Prince’s
Street, which enters Crossley Street at this point. The assured quality
of its design and above all that of its tremendous spire, more than
worthy of Wren in the ingenuity with which the silhouette of a Gothic
steeple was built up out of Renaissance elements, makes the Halifax Town
Hall thoroughly English and one of the masterpieces of the High
Victorian period. Totally devoid of Gothic elements, it has more Gothic
vitality than Barry’s Houses of Parliament, at this time just
approaching completion nearly thirty years after they were first
designed.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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