Architecture : $b nineteenth and twentieth centuriesHitchcock, Henry-Russell
History
Architecture : $b nineteenth and twentieth centuries
Hitchcock, Henry-Russell
Architecture, Modern -- 19th century; Architecture, Modern -- 20th century
Burges’s church opened the road again towards a more ‘correct’ imitation
of the medieval High Gothic, a road along which Pearson soon proceeded
more rapidly and more doggedly than he. Yet Pearson’s own South London
church of 1863-5, St Peter’s in Kennington Lane, Vauxhall, is more
typically High Victorian than St Finbar’s. The carved capitals and the
heavy scale of the stone detail are rather ‘Early French’. But walls and
vaults are of London stock brick and there is some polychromy of the
quieter, less Butterfieldian, sort resembling a little White’s at St
Saviour’s. The continuity of the chancel and rounded apse with the nave
echoes the ‘unified space’ of Clutton’s Leamington interior. Puginian
articulation of plan and mass was henceforth somewhat out of date.
The Albert Memorial[228] in Hyde Park in London is a monument
generally—and not unjustly—considered the perfect symbol of this High
Victorian period, more perfect than the Houses of Parliament (in the
early sixties at last approaching completion) were of the previous Early
Victorian period. In 1861 Queen Victoria’s beloved husband, the Prince
Consort, died. In the competition for a national memorial to rise in
Hyde Park near the site of the Crystal Palace, held the next year, G. G.
Scott almost inevitably won first place. Construction of the Albert
Memorial began in 1863 and took nearly ten years. By the time it was
completed in 1872 critics of advanced taste were already condemning it,
yet it represents precisely what Scott most liked to do and what he
undoubtedly did best—in his own words, this his ‘most prominent work’
represented his ‘highest and most enthusiastic efforts’. It is,
moreover, an epitome of the aspirations[229] that were most widely held
when it was designed (Plate 90).
The contrast between this elaborate shrine and Scott’s modest and
essentially archaeological Martyrs’ Memorial of 1841 at Oxford is very
great—what a long distance the English Gothic Revival had travelled in a
score of years! Among Early Victorian memorials the Prince Consort’s
cenotaph is rather more like Kemp’s Scott Monument in Edinburgh (Plate
51) than like the Oxford one. But where Kemp’s is soft and monochrome,
this is hard and almost kaleidoscopically polychromatic. Scott’s theme
is still that of the fourteenth-century English Eleanor Crosses, as is
certainly appropriate for a monument to a Royal spouse; but the
inspiration came in the main from relatively small reliquaries and other
medieval works executed in metal and embellished with enamels and
semi-precious stones.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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