Architecture : $b nineteenth and twentieth centuriesHitchcock, Henry-Russell
History
Architecture : $b nineteenth and twentieth centuries
Hitchcock, Henry-Russell
Architecture, Modern -- 19th century; Architecture, Modern -- 20th century
It was not in the Unity Church, but in Richardson’s second church, Grace
Episcopal, in Medford, Mass., happily still extant, of 1867-8, that one
recognizes strong personal expression. The more massively pyramidal
character of the asymmetrical composition and, above all, the great
boulders of which the walls are built, with heavy trim of rough
quarry-faced granite, announce an original approach (Plate 91B). Yet
this approach was evidently still nurtured on the English High Victorian
Gothic models that Richardson knew through the wood engravings in
imported periodicals. It is even specific enough here so that one can
describe this Medford church as Burgessy rather than Butterfieldian or
Street-like; it is certainly no longer Keelingesque like the church in
Springfield. Incidentally, when Richardson visited England in 1882 it
was the work of Burges, who had just died, that he went out of his way
to see—by that time, however, he found it rather disappointing.
If Richardson’s first churches were Gothic, his Western Railway Office
at Springfield, built in 1867 for a client associated with the Unity
Church commission, was generically Second Empire. Yet this was still
more directly derived from current English work that was closely related
to that mode, notably the Francis Brothers’ National Discount Building
of 1857 in the City of London, than from anything Parisian. His brick
and stone Dorsheimer[241] house of 1868 in Delaware Avenue in Buffalo,
N.Y., is also Second Empire rather than Victorian Gothic, but very
restrainedly so, and hence rather more French in effect. Other work by
Richardson dating from the late sixties, such as the B. H. Crowninshield
house in Marlborough Street in Boston of 1868-9, was more experimental
in design, often recalling wild English work of the early years of the
decade. Although built of wood and of very modest size, Richardson’s
most interesting house of this period was the one that he built for
himself in 1868 at Arrochar on Staten Island near New York.[242] This
combines the use of a high mansarded pavilion with a sort of imitation
half-timbering related to the contemporary American ‘Stick Style’ (see
Chapter 14).
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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