Furness meant more to him than what he was taught at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, or later at the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris (see Chapter 14). In the realm of house-design the more-or-less Gothic-based ‘Stick Style’ represented a largely autochthonous American development not without considerable significance and interest (see Chapter 15). In public architecture there was little serious achievement even at the hands of English-trained architects such as Calvert Vaux (1824-95) and his partner F. C. Withers (1828-1901)[248] or second-generation Gothicists like Upjohn’s son (Richard M., 1828-1903). The younger Upjohn’s Connecticut State Capitol[249] in Hartford begun in 1873, the only major American example of a High Victorian Gothic public monument of any great pretension or luxury of materials, is singularly vulgar and stylistically ambiguous, with its completely symmetrical massing and its tall central dome, compared to Burges’s contemporary project for Trinity College there.[250] Doubtless G. G. Scott would not have disdained it, even so! Still more comparable to Scott’s own thwarted ambitions for a High Victorian Gothic governmental architecture, which led him as late as the seventies to enter various Continental competitions, is an earlier group of buildings in the New World outside the United States, the Parliament House (Plate 97A) and associated structures at Ottawa, Canada, designed by Fuller & Jones and Stent & Laver in 1859 and built in 1861-7. F. W. Stent had come out from England some considerable time before this, having last exhibited at the Royal Academy in London in 1846. Thomas Fuller (1822-98), also English, had settled in Toronto in 1856. Of their respective partners, Augustus Laver (1839-98) and Herbert Chilion Jones (1836-1923), less is known. In the course of the work Fuller and Laver joined forces, moving on shortly to the United States, as has been noted. The main block at Ottawa, which was by the first-named firm, has been rebuilt after a fire in the present century in a considerably chastened vein, except for the big chapterhouse-like library at the rear, which is original. But the variety of form, the gusto of the detail, and the urbanistic scale of this project made of the Dominion Capitol a major monumental group unrivalled for extent and complexity of organization in England.[251] The buildings flanking the vast lawn extending in front of the Parliament House are by Stent & Laver. These are somewhat less exuberant in scale and more provincial in the character of their detailing than the Parliament House was originally.