Architecture : $b nineteenth and twentieth centuriesHitchcock, Henry-Russell
History
Architecture : $b nineteenth and twentieth centuries
Hitchcock, Henry-Russell
Architecture, Modern -- 19th century; Architecture, Modern -- 20th century
New Zealand Chambers, the office building which Shaw erected in 1872-3
in Leadenhall Street in the City, was certainly totally unlike anything
the Age of Anne ever saw except for the cut-brick detailing of the
pedimented entrance. Boldly projecting red brick piers divided the tall
façade into three bays, while between them rose oriel windows broken by
ornately sculptured spandrels imitated from the mid-seventeenth-century
ones on Sparrow’s House at Ipswich. The small panes and thick white
sash-bars of these windows made the scale surprisingly domestic in
contrast to the usual boldness of High Victorian commercial work, and
the whole composition was effectively tied together by an ornately
pargeted cove cornice that ran straight across the top (see Chapter 14).
Above this the rather simple range of continuous dormers in the roof was
very much in the spirit of the ‘ribbon-window’ bands on his country
houses.
So dazzled were contemporaries by the lush exuberance of Shaw’s ornament
on the spandrels and the cove that they hardly noticed the way in which
the bold articulation of this façade by the brick piers, with the areas
between nearly all window, frankly reflecting the internal iron
construction, provided most satisfactory lighting for the offices; nor
that Shaw, while keeping his scale intimate in all the detailing, was
not afraid to stress the verticality of his façade by avoiding emphasis
on the storey lines. Only the weaker features of the design—the
arbitrary asymmetry of the entrance, the profuse ornamentation, and the
underscaling—were generally imitated.
Lowther Lodge, built in 1873-4, a large free-standing mansion in
Kensington Gore, still survives—it is now the home of the Royal
Geographical Society—as New Zealand Chambers does not. Here the
vocabulary of cut and moulded brick is more consistently Late Stuart,
although the general composition, with many gables, two tall polygonal
bay-windows, quantities of dormers, and tall fluted chimney stacks, is
as romantically complex as that of Shaw’s manors in Sussex and Surrey.
However, both the front and the rear façades, when studied, will be
found to approximate symmetry in their principal portions as does the
front of Glen Andred; and the main rooms inside, the hall at the front
and the drawing-room behind, are quite symmetrical and have recognizably
Early Georgian (rather than specifically Queen Anne) fireplaces and door
and window casings, although their grouping is still, so to say,
agglutinative.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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