Architecture : $b nineteenth and twentieth centuriesHitchcock, Henry-Russell
History
Architecture : $b nineteenth and twentieth centuries
Hitchcock, Henry-Russell
Architecture, Modern -- 19th century; Architecture, Modern -- 20th century
Stevenson’s best and most Shavian houses in London are two that he built
in 1878 in partnership with A. J. Adams in Lowther Gardens behind
Lowther Lodge; however, those he built at 40-42 Pont Street have a
certain interest because the mode that he exploited here is often called
‘Pont Street Dutch’, so ubiquitous is it in this part of Chelsea. This
name also emphasizes the characteristic tendency of the late seventies
and eighties towards varying the English late seventeenth-century
vernacular mode by the introduction of Dutch and Flemish elements of
detail, usually executed in terracotta, as George & Peto did in most of
the Earls Court houses mentioned above. Thus, by the late seventies, the
long-established London tradition of coherent terrace design came to an
end. That was, on the whole, a real urbanistic misfortune, however
excellent some of the best individual houses by the above-mentioned
architects may be.
Shaw’s venture into the suburbs initiated a new domestic tradition of
positive value and also a tradition of ‘planning’ that has continued
with some modification down to the present, both in England and abroad.
At Bedford Park, Turnham Green, then well beyond the western edges of
built-up London, Shaw laid out in 1876 and largely designed an early
‘Garden Suburb’ (see Chapter 24), in fact, almost a ‘new town’, similar
in some ways to the New Towns of the present post-war period, but
without any industries of its own. Small houses, mostly semi-detached,
i.e., in pairs, stand in their own gardens, simply and casually built of
good red brick with a certain amount of modest Queen Anne detailing. The
scheme is very complete, including a church by Shaw that is most
ingeniously styled to harmonize with the domesticity of the houses, a
club, a tavern, shops, and so forth.[270] Godwin’s assistant Maurice B.
Adams (1849-1933) and E. J. May (1853-1941) also worked here, as well as
Godwin himself; indeed, some of the best houses are not by Shaw but by
Godwin.
With characteristic versatility, while the construction of Bedford Park
was proceeding in this simplified version of his middle manner,
Picturesque but distinctly anti-Gothic, Shaw was also erecting at Adcote
in Shropshire in 1877 a large Tudor manor house in reddish stone. This
is notable for its restrained, almost ‘abstract’, detailing and for the
tall mullioned window-wall of the hall bay, more than rivalling that of
Cloverley Hall. Flete, a still larger house in Devon begun the year
after Adcote, is also Tudor. Dawpool in Cheshire, demolished in 1926,
was begun in 1882 in much the same mode but was even more extensive and
elaborate than Flete. J. F. Doyle (1840-1913) of Liverpool collaborated
on this.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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