Architecture : $b nineteenth and twentieth centuriesHitchcock, Henry-Russell
History
Architecture : $b nineteenth and twentieth centuries
Hitchcock, Henry-Russell
Architecture, Modern -- 19th century; Architecture, Modern -- 20th century
J. D. Herholdt (1818-1902), living almost half a century longer than
Bindesbøll, was naturally more productive. He was also a master of the
_Rundbogenstil_ hardly rivalled in his generation even by the ablest
Germans. Late as is his National Bank at 17 Holmens Kanal in
Copenhagen—1866-70—this is one of the finest examples anywhere of the
more Tuscan sort of _Rundbogenstil_. His University Library of 1857-61
in the Frue Plads is less suave in design but much more original in its
brick detailing. As late as the eighties he maintained the Romantic
Classical discipline in his Italian Gothic Raadhus at Odense of 1880-3
as well as carrying out many tactful restorations of Romanesque
churches. Of his fine Copenhagen Station of 1863-4 the wooden shed now
serves on another site as a sports hall.
G. F. Hetsch (1830-1903) also continued the Romantic Classical line,
most happily perhaps in his Sankt Ansgarskirke of 1841-2, the Roman
Catholic church in the Bredgade in Copenhagen. Ferdinand Meldahl
(1827-1908), although capable of very disciplined Early Renaissance
design in his office building at 23 Havnegade in Copenhagen of 1864, led
Danish architecture away from Romantic Classicism and the
_Rundbogenstil_ towards a rather Second Empire sort of eclecticism after
he became professor at the Copenhagen Academy in 1864 and its director
in 1873 (see Chapter 8).
With its great individual monuments by C. F. Hansen and Bindesbøll and
its streets of fine houses in the Romantic Classical vernacular,
Copenhagen provides today a more attractive picture of the production of
this period than almost any other city. Norway, at this time less
prosperous than Denmark, has work by Schinkel himself. At least the
designs for the buildings of the University at Christiania, erected in
1841-51 by C. H. Grosch (1801-65), a pupil of C. F. Hansen and of
Hetsch, were revised by Schinkel just before his death, and the handling
of the walls is certainly quite characteristic of his work in the
clarity and logic of their articulation.
In Sweden, where the dominant influences in the early nineteenth century
were first French and then German as in Denmark, there was no comparably
brilliant development of Romantic Classicism. Rosendal, a country house
built in 1823-5 by Fredrik Blom (1781-1851), is a pleasant and very
discreet edifice that might well be by almost any French architect of
Blom’s generation. His Skeppsholm Church in Stockholm of 1824-42,
circular within and octagonal without, is a typical but not especially
distinguished work of its period. More characteristic are the modest
wooden houses with Grecian detail. These are similar to, but in their
naive ‘correctness’ less extreme than, the temple houses of Russia and
the United States. Their board-and-batten walls might, paradoxically,
have inspired one aspect of Downing’s anti-Grecian campaign in America
in the forties (see Chapter 15).
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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