It is a motive to artistic production, certainly, • 294 and also to scientific discovery; • 295 and works of art are wealth, and scientific discovery is the basis of industrial progress; • 296 but great art forms but a small part of wealth, • 296 and artistic effort other than the highest is motived by the desire of pecuniary reward, • 297 whilst scientific discoveries, though made generally from the desire for truth, are applied to wealth-production because the men who apply them desire wealth • 297 What, however, of the fact that the desire for honour makes the soldier work harder than any labourer? • 298 Why, the socialists ask, should not the same desire make the great wealth-producer work? • 299 Mr. Frederic Harrison has urged a similar argument • 299 The answer to this is that the work of the soldier is exceptional; • 300 and we cannot argue from it to the work of ordinary life • 301 The fighting instinct is inherent in the dominant races, • 302 in a way in which the industrial instinct is not • 303 And even in war those who make the prolonged intellectual efforts required, ask for themselves other rewards besides honour • 303 Still more will the great wealth-producers do so • 304 There is therefore nothing to show that these other motives will supersede the desire of wealth • 304 What they really do, and what socialists fail to see, is to mix with the desire for wealth, and add to its efficiency • 304 As the desire of wealth has mixed with other desires in men like Bacon, Rubens, etc. • 305 For in saying that the desire of wealth is essential as a motive to wealth-production we do not mean the desire of wealth for its own sake, • 305 or for the sake of physical gratification • 306 This forms a small part of its desirability • 306 It is desired mainly as a means to power, and to those very pleasures which socialists offer instead of it • 307 The great wealth-producers, susceptible to the motives on which socialists dwell, will desire exceptional wealth all the more because of them • 308 It is argued, however, by semi-socialists that the actual producer may be allowed the income he produces, but that this must end with his life, and not be passed on to his family as interest on bequeathed capital • 309 It is claimed that this arrangement would coincide with abstract justice, • 310 for it is argued that all wealth which is not worked for must be stolen • 310 This is utterly untrue, as the case of flocks and herds shows us; • 311 but the chief producer of wealth that is not worked for is capital, which is past productive ability stored up and externalised • 311 The dart of a savage hunter, • 312 the manure heap or cart horse of a peasant, • 312 are forms of capital which actually produce, and the product belongs to those who own them • 313 The same is the case with such capital as engines and manufacturing plant • 313