Transcriber’s Notes: Underscores “_” before and after a word or phrase indicate _italics_ in the original text. Small capitals have been converted to SOLID capitals. Illustrations have been moved so they do not break up paragraphs. Typographical errors have been silently corrected. [Illustration: _Photograph by Zumbrun, Peking, China_ International group of Army, Navy and Marine officers in full dress uniform. The nations represented are the United States, Great Britain, France, Belgium, Italy, Japan, Russia, Holland, Austria and Germany.] Army and Navy Uniforms and Insignia How to know Rank, Corps and Service in the Military and Naval Forces of the United States and Foreign Countries By Colonel Dion Williams United States Marine Corps _With Eight Illustrations in Color and One Hundred and Thirty-Eight in Black and White_ [Illustration] Revised and Enlarged Edition New York Frederick A. Stokes Company Publishers _Copyright, 1918, by_ FREDERICK A. STOKES COMPANY _All rights reserved_ CONTENTS CHAPTER PAGE I. ORIGIN AND HISTORY OF UNIFORM 1 II. SERVICE, CORPS AND RANK 17 III. ENSIGNS, FLAGS AND PENNANTS 53 IV. UNIFORMS AND INSIGNIA OF THE UNITED STATES ARMY 64 V. UNIFORMS AND INSIGNIA OF THE UNITED STATES NAVY 108 VI. UNIFORMS AND INSIGNIA OF THE U. S. MARINE CORPS 147 VII. UNIFORMS AND INSIGNIA OF THE U. S. COAST GUARD 170 VIII. UNIFORMS AND INSIGNIA OF THE U. S. LIGHTHOUSE SERVICE AND U. S. COAST AND GEODETIC SURVEY 182 IX. UNIFORMS AND INSIGNIA OF THE U. S. PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE 188 X. MEDALS, BADGES AND RIBBONS 201 XI. UNIFORMS AND INSIGNIA OF FOREIGN ARMIES AND NAVIES 216 XII. UNIFORMS AND INSIGNIA OF THE AMERICAN RED CROSS 292 XIII. UNIFORMS AND INSIGNIA OF THE WAR WORKERS OF THE YOUNG MEN’S CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATION 303 XIV. CUSTOMS OF THE SERVICES 306 XV. HONORS AND DISTINCTIONS 314 INDEX 325 ARMY AND NAVY UNIFORMS AND INSIGNIA CHAPTER I ORIGIN AND HISTORY OF UNIFORM