COMMISSIONED OFFICERS OF THE CORPS OF NAVAL CONSTRUCTORS 1. Naval Constructor with the rank of Rear Admiral. 2. Naval Constructor with the rank of Captain. 3. Naval Constructor with the rank of Commander. 4. Naval Constructor with the rank of Lieutenant Commander. 5. Naval Constructor with the rank of Lieutenant. 6. Assistant Naval Constructor with the rank of Lieutenant. 7. Assistant Naval Constructor with the rank of Lieutenant, Junior Grade. 8. Chief Carpenter. Chief Sailmaker. COMMISSIONED OFFICERS OF THE CORPS OF CIVIL ENGINEERS 1. Civil Engineer with the rank of Rear Admiral. 2. Civil Engineer with the rank of Captain. 3. Civil Engineer with the rank of Commander. 4. Civil Engineer with the rank of Lieutenant Commander. 5. Civil Engineer with the rank of Lieutenant. 6. Assistant Civil Engineer with the rank of Lieutenant. 7. Assistant Civil Engineer with the rank of Lieutenant, Junior Grade. 8. Assistant Civil Engineer with the rank of Ensign. _Chaplains_ hold the relative rank of Captain, Commander, Lieutenant Commander, Lieutenant or Lieutenant, Junior Grade, according to length of service. _Professors of Mathematics_ hold the rank of Captain, Commander, Lieutenant Commander or Lieutenant according to length of service. This corps was established to provide especially trained mathematicians for duty as astronomers at the Naval Observatories and as Instructors at the Naval Academy, but pursuant to the act of Congress of August 29, 1916, no further officers are to be commissioned in this corps. In the days of sailing ships officers having the title of Sailmaker were provided for the then important work of superintending the manufacture of sails, but since the advent of steam and electricity this branch has been discontinued and only a few are still borne on the official register. The commissioned officers of this branch have the title of Chief Sailmaker and relative rank the same as that of Chief Boatswain, Chief Gunners, Chief Machinists, Chief Carpenters, Chief Pay Clerks and Chief Pharmacists, that is, they rank with but next after Ensigns. MIDSHIPMEN Midshipmen are appointed officers undergoing the course of instruction at the Naval Academy at Annapolis, Maryland. Each senator, representative and delegate in Congress has the appointment of three midshipmen to be at the Naval Academy at any one time, the President is empowered to appoint two midshipmen and the Secretary of the Navy is empowered to appoint one hundred midshipmen each year to be selected from enlisted men of the Navy and Marine Corps who are not over the age of twenty years. The Corps of Midshipmen consists of four classes, the First Class corresponding to “seniors” at universities, the Second Class corresponding to “juniors,” the Third Class corresponding to “sophomores,” and the Fourth Class corresponding to “freshmen.”