Limitations of the Landscape Painter--Illusion of opening distance--Illusion of motion in Landscape-- Moonlight scenes--Transient conditions. XIII.--STILL-LIFE 214 XIV.--SECONDARY ART 219 Paintings of record--Scenes from the Novel--From the written drama--From the acted drama--Humorous subjects--Allegorical paintings. XV.--COLOUR 228 _BOOK II_ INTRODUCTORY.--ILLUSION IN THE PAINTER'S ART 236 CHAPTER I.--ILLUSION OF RELIEF 239 II.--ILLUSION OF MOTION WITH MEN AND ANIMALS 249 III.--ILLUSION OF SUSPENSION AND MOTION IN THE AIR 259 NOTES 273 INDEX OF ARTISTS AND WORKS OF ART MENTIONED IN THIS BOOK 357 GENERAL INDEX 369 LIST OF PLATES PAGE FRONTISPIECE.--DETAIL FROM FRAGONARD'S THE PURSUIT (FRICK COLLECTION, NEW YORK). This work, which is one of the celebrated Grasse series of panels, offers a very fine example of the use of an ideal head in a romantic subject. (See Page 139.) PLATE 1.--THE EARLIEST GREAT SCULPTURES 6 (a). Head from a statue of Chefren, a king of the 4th Egyptian Dynasty, about 3000 B.C. (Cairo Museum.) (b). Head from a fragmentary statuette of Babylonia, dating about 2600 B.C. (Louvre: from Spearing's "Childhood of Art.") The first head is generally regarded as the finest example of Egyptian art extant, and certainly there was nothing executed in Egypt to equal it during the thirty centuries following the 5th Dynasty. The Babylonian head is the best work of Chaldean art known to us, though there are some fine fragments remaining from the period of about a thousand years later. It will be observed that the tendency of the art in both examples is towards the aims achieved by the Greeks. (See Page 7.) PLATE 2.--"LE BON DIEU D'AMIENS", IN THE NORTH PORCH, AMIENS CATHEDRAL 18 This figure by a French sculptor of the thirteenth century, was considered by Ruskin to be the finest ideal of Christ in existence. It is another example of the universality of ideals, for the head from the front view might well have been modelled from a Grecian work of the late fourth or early third century B.C. (See Page 319.) PLATE 3.--AFTER AN ANCIENT COPY OF THE CNIDIAN VENUS OF PRAXITELES. (VATICAN) 30