Artificial Light: Its Influence upon CivilizationLuckiesh, Matthew
History
Artificial Light: Its Influence upon Civilization
Luckiesh, Matthew
Electric lighting; Lighting -- History
For the great benefit of this discovery, thus freely
communicated and bestowed by me on the public, I demand neither
place, pension, exclusive privilege, nor any other regard
whatever. I expect only to have the honor of it. And yet I know
there are little, envious minds who will, as usual, deny me
this and say that my invention was known to the ancients, and
perhaps they may bring passages out of the old books in proof
of it. I will not dispute with these people that the ancients
knew not the sun would rise at certain hours; they possibly
had, as we have, almanacs that predicted it; but it does not
follow thence that they knew he gave light as soon as he rose.
That is what I claim as my discovery. If the ancients knew it,
it might have been long since forgotten; for it certainly was
unknown to the moderns, at least to the Parisians, which to
prove I need use but one plain simple argument. They are as
well instructed, judicious and prudent a people as exist
anywhere in the world, all professing, like myself, to be
lovers of economy, and, for the many heavy taxes required from
them by the necessities of the State have surely an abundant
reason to be economical. I say it is impossible that so
sensible a people, under such circumstances, should have lived
so long by the smoky, unwholesome and enormously expensive
light of candles, if they had really known that they might have
had as much pure light of the sun for nothing.
Franklin's amusing letter had a serious aim, for in 1784 family expenses
were much augmented and adequate lighting by means of candles was very
costly in those days. However, conditions have changed enormously in the
past hundred and thirty-five years. A great proportion of the population
lives in the darker cities. The wheels of progress must be kept going
continuously in order to curb the cost of living, which is constantly
mounting higher owing to the addition of conveniences and luxuries.
Furthermore, the cost of light has so diminished that it is not only a
minor factor at present but in many cases is actually paying dividends
in commerce and industry. It is paying dividends of another kind in the
social and educational aspects of the home, library, church, and art
museum. Daylight saving has much to commend it, but the cost of daylight
and the value of artificial light are important considerations.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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