Artillery Through the Ages: A Short Illustrated History of Cannon, Emphasizing Types Used in AmericaManucy, Albert C.
History
Artillery Through the Ages: A Short Illustrated History of Cannon, Emphasizing Types Used in America
Manucy, Albert C.
Artillery -- History; United States. Army -- Ordnance and ordnance stores
In today's Spanish, _pasavolante_ means "fast action," a phrase
suggestive of the vicious impetuosity to be expected from such a small
but powerful cannon. Sometimes it was termed a _drajon_, the English
equivalent of which may be the drake, meaning "dragon"; but perhaps
its most popular name in the early days was _cerbatana_, from Cerebus,
the fierce three-headed dog of mythology. Strange things happen to
words: a _cerbatana_ in modern Spanish is a pea shooter.
_Sixteenth century Spanish cannon of the second class_
Spanish name Weight of ball Translation
(pounds)
Quarto canon 9 to 12 Quarter-cannon.
Tercio canon 16 Third-cannon.
Medio canon 24 Demicannon.
Canon de abatir 32 Siege cannon.
Doble canon 48 Double cannon.
Canon de bateria 60 Battering cannon.
Serpentino Serpentine.
Quebrantamuro or lombarda 70 to 90 Wallbreaker or lombard.
Basilisco 80 and up Basilisk.
The second class of guns were the only ones properly called "cannon"
in this early period. They were siege and battering pieces, and in
some few respects were similar to the howitzers of later years. A
typical Spanish cannon was only about two-thirds as long as a
culverin, and the bore walls were thinner. Naturally, the powder
charge was also reduced (half the ball's weight for a common cannon,
while a culverin took double that amount).
The Germans made their light cannon 18 calibers long. Most Spanish
siege and battering guns had this same proportion, for a shorter gun
would not burn all the powder efficiently, "which," said Collado, "is
a most grievous fault." However, small cannon of 18-caliber length
were too short; the muzzle blast tended to destroy the embrasure of
the parapet. For this reason, Spanish demicannon were as long as 24
calibers and the quarter-cannon ran up to 28. The 12-pounder
quarter-cannon, incidentally, was "culverined" or reinforced so that
it actually served in the field as a demiculverin.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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