ASCE 1193: The Water-Works and Sewerage of Monterrey, N. L., Mexico: The 4th article from the June, 1911, Volume LXXII, Transactions of the American Society of Civil Engineers. Paper No. 1193, Feb. 1, 1911.Conway, G. R. G. (George Robert Graham)
Science
ASCE 1193: The Water-Works and Sewerage of Monterrey, N. L., Mexico: The 4th article from the June, 1911, Volume LXXII, Transactions of the American Society of Civil Engineers. Paper No. 1193, Feb. 1, 1911.
Some years ago it was the standard practice, in the "strictly separate
system" of sewers, to use the 6-in. pipe as the minimum size, and, as far
as the writer has been able to discover, after giving the matter a rather
extensive investigation, the 6-in. size has given excellent results
wherever its use was proper. In places where it has not succeeded there
were excellent reasons why it should not have been selected, and these
could easily have been observed at the time the designs were made. The
best sizes for the sewers in a given system is always a matter to be
determined by local conditions; but there seems to be no reason why the
6-in. size should not be used where the flow is so slight that the 8-in.
will not work well; or where the velocity must of necessity be so great
that a flotation depth of flow cannot be maintained in the larger size. As
to likelihood of clogging and stoppage, the writer's opinion, based on the
maintenance of three rather extensive systems in different parts of the
United States, in each of which the 6-in. size comprises more than 75% of
the whole length of pipe, and of three other systems, one having 12-in.
and two having 8-in. as the minimum sizes, is that the 6-in. size, where
properly used, is less likely to become clogged than either of the others
used improperly. The cost of maintaining the 6-in. pipe lateral, under
these circumstances, is much less than that of maintaining the 8-in.
lateral.
The 6-in. pipe is not being used now as much as the 8-in., and in most
cases this is probably because the capacity of the latter is nearly double
that of the 6-in., and costs only a few cents more per foot. If there is a
sufficient population per acre, or if, within 30 or 40 years, such a
population is anticipated as will fill the 8-in. pipe half full, its use,
of course, is justified and necessary; but where it is quite evident that
this will never occur, its use is counter-indicated.
In Monterrey, where the building lots have a frontage of 41 ft., where the
houses, as a rule, are only one story high, where the water service is
metered and paid for, and the sewage flow is also paid for, there seems to
be no reason to justify the use of 8-in. pipe for the upper reaches of the
smallest sewers. The sewage flow to be anticipated will probably never be
sufficient to keep an 8-in. pipe sewer in a good clean condition at the
upper ends of the lines of sewers without excessive flushing; and the
sharper or steeper the grade on which it is placed, the worse will be the
result, because the sharper the grade, the thinner the flowing thread of
sewage will be drawn out in the invert; on the other hand, if the grades
are flat, the slight quantity of sewage flow will be spread out in a
sluggish stream, without sufficient depth, on the bottom of the 8-in.
pipe.
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