quotidian, sometimes a tertian form: all these cases usually recover. Such is, in brief, a summary of the more important symptoms of the Epidemic, or Asiatic Cholera, especially in its earlier or cold stage. The phenomena, especially developed in, and belonging to, the stage of reaction, being of minor importance, they have received only a very brief consideration; sufficient, however, to show the general character and tendency of the disease in this stage of its progress and termination. CHAPTER III. SECTION I.--UNSUCCESSFUL MODES OF TREATMENT--VENOUS TRANSFUSION EXPLAINED. In this discussion we shall avail ourselves of the researches and investigations of eminent Professors, whose observations, experience, and position give their views the highest authority. The latest and most deserving record on this subject is from the pen of Professor Aiken, of Edinburgh, who observes, "There are few diseases for the cure of which so many different remedies and modes of treatment have been employed as in Cholera, and, unfortunately, without our discovering an antidote to the poison. In Moscow it is said that the mortality was not greater among the destitute of medical aid than among those who had every care and attention shown them. It may be fairly inferred, therefore, that in the severer forms of the disease, the action of this poison is so potent as to render the constitution insensible to the influence of our most powerful remedial agents. When, however, the disease is mild, or on the decline, much may be done by obviating symptoms to promote the recovery of the patient." "The heroic remedies that have been employed in Cholera are bleeding, and calomel and opium, either separately or conjointly. With respect to bleeding, it may be stated, that in every country the patients bore bleeding badly in any stage, and that the practice in Europe was at length limited to a few leeches occasionally to the head. As to calomel, that medicine was used to the greater part of an ounce in the twenty-four hours, but with so little success that many patients have been seized and have died under the full influence of mercury. On the appearance of cholera in Europe, opium was administered in the doses recommended by the Indian practitioners to the greater part even of an ounce of laudanum; but it was soon seen that in the cold stage it was inefficient in controlling the vomiting or purging; that it did not allay the spasms, and, moreover, hardly produced any narcotic effect. The action of the accumulated doses of opium, however, though suspended during the cold stage, was often fully developed in the last stage, and occasioned so much affection of the head that most practitioners either abandoned its use or limited it to a mere fractional dose of that usually given in India, namely, from three to twelve minims of the tincture of opium, or half a grain to a grain of solid opium every four or six hours."