Assyrian Historiography: A Source StudyOlmstead, A. T. (Albert Ten Eyck)
History
Assyrian Historiography: A Source Study
Olmstead, A. T. (Albert Ten Eyck)
Assyria -- History -- Historiography; Assyria -- History -- Sources
Of the more than twenty five more or less complete documents, the
first is the so called Bellino Cylinder which dates from October,
702. The fact that it has been studied separately has tended to
prevent the realization that it is actually only a recension. As a
first edition, it is a trifle fuller, but surprisingly
little. [Footnote: K. 1680. Grotefend, _Abh. Göttingen,
Gesell_. 1850. L. 63 f. Smith-Sayce, 1 f., 24 ff., cf. 43
ff. Oppert, _Exped._ I. 297 ff.; Menant, 225 ff.; Talbot,
JRAS. XVIII. 76 ff.; _Trans. Roy. Soc. Lit._ VIII, 369 ff.; RP¹,
I. 23 ff. It is the Bl. of Bezold.] Next comes Cylinder B, now
represented by six complete and seven fragmentary cylinders. It
includes campaign three and is dated in May, 700. [Footnote:
Smith-Sayce, 30, 70 f., cf. 24, 43, 53; Evetts, ZA. III. 311 ff.; for
list of tablets, cf. Bezold, _l. c._] Cylinder C dates from 697
and contains the fourth expedition. [Footnote: K. 1674; Smith-Sayce,
14, 76, cf. 30, 43, 53, 73, 78. The A 2 of Bezold.] The mutilated date
of Cylinder D may be either 697 or 695, but as it has one campaign
more than Cylinder C of 697, we should probably date it to the latter
year. [Footnote: BM. 22,508; K. 1675; Smith-Sayce, 24, 30, 43, 53, 73,
79; King, _Cuneiform Texts_, XXVI. 38, cf. p. 10, n. 2. The A 8
of Bezold.] From this recension seems to have been derived the
display inscription recently discovered on Mt. Nipur, which was
inscribed at the end of campaign five. [Footnote: Inscription at
Hasanah (Hassan Agha?) King, PSBA. XXXV. 66 ff.]
Somewhat different from these is the newest Sennacherib inscription,
[Footnote: BM. 103,000; King, _Cuneiform Texts, XXVI_;
cf. Pinches, JRAS. 1910, 387 ff.] which marks the transition from the
shorter to the longer cylinders. [Footnote: King, _op. cit._, 9.]
After the narrative of the fifth campaign, two others are given, and
dated, not by the number of campaign as in the documents of the
regular series, but by the eponyms, so that here we have actual
chronology. The two campaigns took place in 698 and 695 respectively,
the inscription itself being dated in 694. That they are not dated by
the campaigns of the king and that they are not given in the later
editions is perhaps due to the fact that the king did not conduct them
in person. [Footnote: King, _op. cit._, p. 10.] The occasion for
this new edition is not to be found, however, in these petty frontier
wars, but in the completion of the new palace, in the increase in the
size of the city of Nineveh, in the building of a park, and in the
installation of a water supply, as these take up nearly a half of the
inscription. The recovery of this document has also enabled us to
place in the same group two other fragments, now recognized as
duplicates. [Footnote: BM. 102, 996, King, _Cuneiform Texts_,
XXVI. 38; cf. p. 15, n. 1; K. 4492, ibid. 39, not a reference to
Tarbisi, as Meiasner-Rost, _Bauinschriften_, 94f; as is shown by
King, p. 18 n. 1.]
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