Granted that it were possible to escape the earth's gravitational
bonds and to travel by our swiftest means of conveyance, the
airplane, through interplanetary space, let us consider how long
it would take us to reach the moon, sun and planets if our speed
were maintained at a uniform rate of two hundred miles an hour. An
airplane traveling at this rate would circumnavigate the earth in a
little over five days and would reach the moon in seven weeks. A trip
to the sun, however, would take fifty-three years.
After traveling for fourteen and a fraction years we would pass
the orbit of Venus and eighteen years later the orbit of Mercury.
If we preferred to travel outward from the earth in the direction
of Mars and the outer planets instead of toward the sun, more than
twenty-seven years would elapse before we would reach the orbit of
Mars. An airplane journey to Jupiter would be a matter of more than
two hundred years, to Saturn four hundred and fifty years, to Uranus
nearly one thousand years, and to Neptune, about one thousand five
hundred years. To cross the solar system on the diameter of Neptune's
orbit in an airplane, traveling day and night without stopping at the
rate of 200 miles per hour would take more than three thousand years.
The sun's attraction reaches far beyond Neptune's orbit, however.
There are comets belonging to the solar system compelled by the sun's
attraction to accompany him on his travels through space that return
periodically to the immediate vicinity of the sun from regions far
beyond the orbit of Neptune and there is also the possibility that
one or more undiscovered planets may travel around the sun in orbits
far exterior to Neptune's orbit.
Measured in terms of familiar units, such as are employed for the
measurement of distances on our own planet, the extent of the solar
system is tremendously great. Viewed from Neptune, the sun is so
far away that it presents no appreciable disk. It is in this sense
star-like to the Neptunians, but at the distance of Neptune the stars
appear no more brilliant and no nearer than they do to us.
To Neptune the sun, though star-like in form, supplies a very
appreciable quantity of light and heat (one nine-hundredth of the
amount the earth receives) while the amount of light and heat that
Neptune receives from the nearest stars is entirely inappreciable.
When our airplane reaches Neptune after a journey of one thousand
five hundred years, it is, as it were, just clearing the ground
for its flight to the stars. To cover the intervening space to
the nearest star, traveled by light in four and a third years, an
airplane would need _fourteen and a half million years_. In that time
the solar system itself would be in some far distant part of the
universe, since it is speeding onward through space at the rate of
twelve miles a second or about four astronomical units a year.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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