The brighter of the two Hunting Dogs, which is also the brightest
star in the entire region covered by these two constellations,
appears as a beautiful blue-and-yellow double star in the telescope.
It was named Cor Caroli (Heart of Charles) by the astronomer Halley
in honor of Charles II of England, at the suggestion of the court
physician, who imagined it shone more brightly than usual the
night before the return of Charles to London. Of more interest to
astronomers is the magnificent spiral nebula in this constellation,
known as the "Whirlpool Nebula," appearing as a faint, luminous patch
in the sky, of which many photographs have been taken with the great
telescopes. This entire region, from Canes Venatici to Virgo, abounds
in faint spiral nebulæ that for some reason not yet understood by
astronomers are crowded together in this part of the heavens where
stars are comparatively few. It is believed that there are between
five hundred thousand and a million of these spiral nebulæ in the
entire heavens, and the problem of their nature and origin and
distance is one that the astronomers are very anxious to solve. Many
wonderful facts are now being learned concerning these faint nebulous
wisps of light which, with a few exceptions, are observable only with
great telescopes. They reveal their spiral structure more clearly to
the photographic plate than to the human eye, and some magnificent
photographs of them have been taken with powerful telescopes.
Coma Berenices, south of Canes Venatici and southwest of Boötes, is
a constellation that consists of a great number of stars closely
crowded together, and just barely visible to the unaided eye. As
a result, it has the appearance of filmy threads of light, which
doubtless suggested its name to the imaginative ancients, who loved
to fill the heavens with fanciful creations associated with their
myths and legends. These stars form a moving cluster of stars
estimated to be at a distance of about 270 light-years from the solar
systems.
[Illustration: JUNE--BOÖTES, CANES VENATICI AND COMA BERENICIS]
This region, so lacking in interesting objects for the naked-eye
observer, is a mine of riches to the fortunate possessors of
telescopes; and the great telescopes of the world are frequently
pointed in this direction, exploring the mysteries of space that
abound here.
Just to the east of Boötes is the exquisite little circlet of stars
known as Corona Borealis, the Northern Crown. It consists of six
stars arranged in a nearly perfect semicircle, and one will have no
difficulty in recognizing it. Its brightest star, Alpha, known also
by the name of Alphacca, is a star of the second magnitude.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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