On the line connecting Beta Lyræ with the star southeast of it and
one-third of the distance from Beta to this star, lies the noted
Ring Nebula in Lyra, which is a beautiful object even in a small
telescope. It consists of a ring of luminous gas surrounding a
central star. The star shines with a brilliant, bluish-white light
and is visible only in powerful telescopes though it is easily
photographed since it gives forth rays to which the photographic
plate is particularly sensitive. In small telescopes the central part
of this nebula appears dark but with a powerful telescope a faint
light may be seen even in the central portion of the nebula. This is
one of the most interesting and beautiful telescopic objects in the
heavens.
It is in the general direction of the constellation of Lyra that our
solar system is speeding at the rate of more than a million miles a
day. This point toward which we are moving at such tremendous speed
lies a little to the southwest of Vega, on the border between the
constellations of Lyra and Hercules, and is spoken of as The Apex of
the Sun's Way.
[Illustration: AUGUST--SAGITTARIUS]
In the southern sky we have this month the constellation of
Sagittarius, The Archer, which is just to the east of Scorpio and
a considerable distance south of Lyra. It can be recognized by its
peculiar form, which is that of a short-handled milk dipper, with
the bowl turned toward the south and a trail of bright stars running
from the end of the handle toward the southwest. This is one of
the zodiacal groups which contain no first-magnitude stars, but a
number of the second and third magnitude. It is crossed by the Milky
Way, which is very wonderful in its structure at this point. Some
astronomers believe that here--among the star-clouds and mists of
nebulous light which are intermingled with dark lanes and holes, in
reality dark nebulæ--lies the center of the vast system of stars and
nebulæ in which our entire solar system is but the merest speck. Some
of the grandest views through the telescope are also to be obtained
in this beautiful constellation of Sagittarius, which is so far
south that it is seen to better advantage in the tropics than in the
mid-latitudes of the northern hemispheres.
X
SEPTEMBER
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