Astronomy with an Opera-glass: A Popular Introduction to the Study of the Starry Heavens with the Simplest of Optical InstrumentsServiss, Garrett Putman
Science
Astronomy with an Opera-glass: A Popular Introduction to the Study of the Starry Heavens with the Simplest of Optical Instruments
Serviss, Garrett Putman
Astronomy
With the most powerful field-glass you may be able to see all of the
stars represented in our picture of the Pleiades. With an ordinary
opera-glass the fainter ones will not be visible; yet even with such a
glass the scene is a remarkable one. Not only all of the "Seven
Sisters," but many other stars, can be seen twinkling among them. The
superiority of Alcyone to the others, which is not so clear to the naked
eye, becomes very apparent. Alcyone is the large star below the middle
of the picture with a triangle of little stars beside it. To the left or
east of Alcyone the two most conspicuous stars are Atlas and Pleione.
The latter--which is the uppermost one--is represented too large in the
picture. It requires a sharp eye to see Pleione without a glass, while
Atlas is plainly visible to the unaided vision, and is always counted
among the naked-eye Pleiades, although it does not bear the name of one
of the mythological sisters, but that of their father. The bright star
below and to the right of Alcyone is Merope; the one near the right-hand
edge of the picture, about on a level with Alcyone, is Electra. Above,
or to the north of Electra, are two bright stars lying in a line
pointing toward Alcyone; the upper one of these, or the one farthest
from Alcyone, is Taygeta, and the other is Maia. Above Taygeta and Maia,
and forming a little triangle with them, is a pair of stars which bears
the name of Asterope. About half-way between Taygeta and Electra, and
directly above the latter, is Celaeno.
[Illustration: THE PLEIADES.]
The naked-eye observer will probably find it difficult to decide which
he can detect the more easily, Celaeno or Pleione, while he will discover
that Asterope, although composed of two stars, as seen with a glass, is
so faint as to be much more difficult than either Celaeno or Pleione.
Unless, as is not improbable, the names have become interchanged in the
course of centuries, the brightness of these stars would seem to have
undergone remarkable changes. The star of Merope, it will be remembered,
was said to have become indistinct, or disappeared, because she married
a mortal. At present Merope is one of those that can be plainly seen
with the naked-eye, while the star of Asterope, who was said to have had
the god Mars for her spouse, has faded away until only a glass can show
it. It would appear, then, that notwithstanding an occasional temporary
eclipse, it is, in the long run, better to marry a plain mortal than a
god. Electra, too, who hid her eyes at the sight of burning Troy, seems
to have recovered from her fright, and is at present, next to Alcyone,
the brightest star in the cluster. But, however we may regard those
changes in the brightness of the Pleiades which are based upon
tradition, there is no doubt that well-attested changes have taken place
in the comparative brilliancy of stars in this cluster since astronomy
became an exact science.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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