Auroræ: Their Characters and SpectraCapron, J. Rand
History
Auroræ: Their Characters and Spectra
Capron, J. Rand
Auroras
(3) The tube was well excited, and the four bulbs (other than the
negative one), upon stopping the current, glowed strongly. The current
was then sent through reversed, so as to throw the negative glow for a
few seconds into the positive bulb. The after-glow in the positive bulb
was at once extinguished. On once more reversing the current, it was only
restored after a certain amount of continuance of the positive stream.
[Illustration: Plate XVIII.]
[Sidenote: Effect of change of current on the three central bulbs.]
The time during which the negative glow was thrown into the positive bulb
did not appear sufficient to have heated it. After rapidly changing the
direction of the current several times and then stopping it, the three
central bulbs alone had an after-glow, the two extreme ones having none,
being both equally transparent.
[Sidenote: Effect of heat on the bulbs. Effect of cooling by ether-spray.]
(4) A moderate heat from a spirit-lamp was applied to the centre bulb
(_a_) while the current was on; and also (_b_) when this was stopped,
and the bulb glowed. In the first case the bulb was found to get more
transparent; and in the second case the after-glow disappeared in a
proportionately shorter time in the heated bulb than in the others. To
test the result of cooling the bulbs, the negative-pole bulb and also the
central one were each subjected to the action of ether-spray, and also
of ether and water-spray mixed. This was done, (_a_) when the current
was passing, and (_b_) when it was stopped and the glow only was in the
bulb. The bulbs were cooled until a marked cold effect to the touch was
produced. We did not notice any difference in the behaviour of the bulbs
so treated as compared with the others, either when the current was
passing or in the case of the after-glow.
[Sidenote: Negative-pole bulb between the armatures of magnet. Effects on
negative and positive glow.]
(5) We placed the negative-pole bulb between the conical points of the
armatures, and excited the magnet. The negative glow contracted itself
into a condensed violet-tinted crescent, in accord with the magnetic
curves. The positive glow of the same bulb lost its beaded (stratified)
character, and was condensed into a bright stream of light, which latter
protruded from the small inner tube and formed a spreading spiral set of
cloud-rings within the bulb (see Plate XVIII. fig. 2). The action of the
magnet seemed to be exercised in subduing the stratification, condensing
the glow into a bright stream of light, and forcing the latter to “tail
over” at each extremity of the tubular joints into the bulbs—this effect
extending even so far as the second bulb.
When the positive bulb was placed between the poles of the magnet, the
glow was simply condensed into a bright stratified stream, which flew to
either side of the bulb.
[Sidenote: Effect of magnet on glow in bulb No. 4.]
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