Auroræ: Their Characters and SpectraCapron, J. Rand
History
Auroræ: Their Characters and Spectra
Capron, J. Rand
Auroras
On six or seven occasions Auroras were visible at the same time on board
both the ‘Alert’ and ‘Discovery;’ but the absence of characteristic
features makes it impossible to determine whether they were the same
display, or merely two distinct ones which happened to occur at the same
time. But as by far the larger number of those recorded in the one ship
were not visible at the other, it was certainly only under exceptional
conditions that they could be simultaneously observed at both stations,
if, indeed, they ever were. Auroras seemed to appear indifferently both
when there was wind and when it was calm, with either a high or low
barometer, and seemed quite unconnected with the temperature, although on
an occasion the thermometer was observed to fall 3° during the display,
and to rise 2° almost immediately afterwards. But it was never seen
illuminating the edges of clouds, as we saw it on the passage home, nor
playing about the outline of the land, and never was there the slightest
suspicion of sound being produced by it.
The opportunities for observing the spectrum of the Aurora in this
position have been most unsatisfactory, as the displays were small in
number and deficient in brilliancy.
The form they generally assumed was to rise like an arch from a portion
of the horizon where there was a luminous glow, at first very faint, but
gradually increasing in brilliancy till near the zenith, where it would
remain stationary for a short time and then break up and disappear.
Sometimes they would rise up as streamers, but only occasionally was more
than one visible at a time, and they lasted for such a short time, that
even if they had been bright it would have been very difficult to make
satisfactory observations.
Very few showed any signs of colour, and those only the slightest tinge.
Nearly all that were observed gave the citron-line with the small pocket
spectroscope with more or less distinctness, though no signs of any other
lines were ever seen; but on only two occasions was it bright enough to
get the line with Nury’s spectroscope, and then only for such a short
time that a satisfactory measure could not be obtained.
* * * * *
Then follows a descriptive list of the Auroræ seen, from which I have
selected three of the finest, viz. January 2nd, February 14th, and
February 19th, 1876.
January 2nd, 1876. Lieut. Parr. _Floeberg Beach._—9 P.M. Streams of
Aurora. Stars shining brightly.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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