Auroræ: Their Characters and SpectraCapron, J. Rand
History
Auroræ: Their Characters and Spectra
Capron, J. Rand
Auroras
He does not seem at that time to have examined the matter
spectroscopically; and on June 23, 1872, he writes again, pointing out
the peculiarity in Respighi’s observation that the green line was seen
everywhere as bright as in the Zodiacal Light, and suggesting that it
was due to a concealed Aurora present at the time of Ångström’s and
Respighi’s observations. He further states he had examined the Zodiacal
Light with a Browning 5-prism spectroscope (I presume a compound
direct-vision form is meant) since the last December, and, brilliant
as the phenomenon had frequently been, failed to detect the slightest
appearance of bright lines or bands. A faint diffuse spectrum about as
intense as that of a bright portion of the Milky Way was all he had
obtained.
[Sidenote: Prof. Piazzi Smyth confirms this.]
Professor Piazzi Smyth, in the clear sky of Italy, and with an instrument
specially designed for showing faint spectra, found no lines or bands,
but only a faint continuous spectrum extending from about midway between
D and E in the solar spectrum to nearly F (see Plate V. fig. 3, in which
the continuous spectrum is graphically shown, white on a black ground).
[Sidenote: Colour of the Zodiacal Light.]
It may here be mentioned that the Zodiacal Light is usually described as,
in these latitudes, of a golden yellow or pale lemon tinge.
[Sidenote: Rev. Mr. Webb’s observation, February 2, 1862. He found no
green line of the Aurora.]
On one occasion, however, it has been described as not having this
tinge, but rather resembling the light of the Milky Way, but brighter.
On another occasion I saw the whole cone of a crimson hue without any
mixture of yellow. The Rev. Mr. Webb thought that a display seen at
Hardwick Vicarage, February 2nd, 1862, showed a ruddy tinge not unlike
the commencement of a crimson Aurora—“it was certainly redder or yellower
than the galaxy.” He examined it with a pocket spectroscope which would
show distinctly the green line of the Aurora (probably Browning’s
miniature), but nothing of the kind was visible, nor could any thing be
traced beyond a slight increase of general light, which, on closing the
slit, was extinguished long before the auroral band would have become
imperceptible.
[Sidenote: A. W. Wright’s observations and conclusions.]
A. W. Wright examined the Zodiacal Light with a Duboscq single-prism
spectroscope, the telescope and collimator having a clear aperture of
2·4 centimetres, magnifying-power of telescope 9 diameters. Special
precautions were taken about the observations, and the conclusions
arrived at were:—
(1) The spectrum of the Zodiacal Light is continuous, and is sensibly the
same as that of faint sunlight or twilight.
(2) No bright line or band can be recognized as belonging to this
spectrum.
(3) There is no evidence of any connexion between the Zodiacal Light and
the Polar Aurora.
[Sidenote: Polarization of Zodiacal Light. Burton’s observation confirmed
by Wright and Tacchini.]
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