The Middle Devonian beds of Australia are chiefly limestones, such as the Buchan limestone, Victoria; the Burdekin Series, Queensland; and the Tamworth limestone of New South Wales. These rocks, as a rule, are very fossiliferous, and the chief constituent fossils are the Rugose and Perforate Corals. _Campophyllum gregorii_ is a common form in the Buchan limestone (Fig. 70 A), as well as some large mushroom-shaped _Favosites_, as _F. gothlandica_ and _F. multitabulata_. Other genera which may be mentioned as common to the Australian Middle Devonian rocks are, _Cyathophyllum_, _Sanidophyllum_ and _Spongophyllum_, _Heliolites_ is also found in limestones of this age in New South Wales and Queensland. [Illustration: =Fig. 70.--UPPER PALAEOZIC CORALS.= A--Campophyllum gregorii, Eth. fil. Mid. Devonian. Buchan, Vict. B--Pachypora meridionalis, Nich. & Eth. fil. Mid Devonian. Queens. C--Aulopora repens, Kn. & W. (after Hinde). Devonian. Kimberley district, W.A. D--Zaphrentis culleni, Eth. fil. Carboniferous. New South Wales. E--Trachypora wilkinsoni, Eth. fil. Carbopermian (Up. Marine Ser.) New South Wales. F--Stenopora crinita, Lonsdale. Carbopermian (Up. Mar. Ser.) N.S.W. ] In the Burdekin Series (Middle Devonian) in Queensland we also find _Cystiphyllum_, _Favosites gothlandica_, and _Pachypora meridionalis_ (Fig. 70 B), whilst in beds of the same age at Rough Range in Western Australia are found _Aulopora repens_ (Fig. 70 C), and another species of _Pachypora_, namely, _P. tumida_. =Carbopermian Corals.--= The only true Carboniferous marine fauna occurring in Australia, appears to be that of the Star Beds in Queensland, but so far no corals have been found. The so-called Carboniferous of Western Australia may be regarded as Carbopermian or even of Permian age. The marine Carbopermian beds of New South Wales contain several genera of Corals belonging to the group Rugosa, as _Zaphrentis_ (Fig. 70 D), _Lophophyllum_, and _Campophyllum_. Of the Tabulate corals may be mentioned _Trachypora wilkinsoni_, very typical of the Upper Marine Series (Fig. 70 E) and _Cladochonus_. In the Gympie beds of the same system in Queensland occur the following rugose corals, _Zaphrentis profunda_ and a species of _Cyathophyllum_. In the Carbopermian of Western Australia the rugose corals are represented by _Amplexus_, _Cyathophyllum_, and _Plerophyllum_, which occur in rocks on the Gascoyne River.