_Maenas salaminia_ measures 3½ inches across the wings; the fore pair are bright olive green, with a broad stripe of creamy white along the anterior margins; the hind wings are an orange yellow colour, and each with the margin and centre black. The thorax is bright olive green, and the abdomen of an orange yellow colour. It ranges from the northern parts of New South Wales to North Queensland, and at Cairns I used to capture them at night with a net and bull’s-eye lantern, as they hovered round bunches of ripe bananas hanging under the house. _Othreis fullonica_, slightly larger than the last, has the fore wings mottled with grey and brown among the olive green; the body and hind wings are of the same rich orange colour as the former species, with smaller black markings on the hind margins. This species ranges from Queensland to Africa, India, Ceylon, and the New Hebrides. _Argadesa materna_ is about the same size, but has lighter coloured fore wings, and further distinguished by a much smaller black spot in the centre of each hind wing. The caterpillars of these moths are large handsome cylindrical creatures with the body humped up at the eleventh segment, and two large spots like eyes on either side of the body. They feed upon several different creepers in the scrub. The EREBIDAE contains a number of large dark brown moths often curiously mottled with zig-zag lines running round the wings, and a dull coloured eye-spot in the centre of each fore wing. Several species are common in Australia; they often come into the house at night and will be found resting on the ceiling in the morning. One of the largest moths known, the great owl moth of Brazil, measuring a foot across the wings, belongs to this family. _Dasypodia selenophora_ measures 3 inches across the wings, and is of a uniform pale chocolate brown tint; the outer margins of the wings are finely crenulated and spotted with white; the centre of each fore wing has a large irregular eye-spot of black, mauve and orange tints. It ranges from Australia to Tasmania and New Zealand. _D. cymatoides_, about the same size, is of a much darker brown colour, with less distinct eye-spots, a black transverse band behind each white one, and the whole of the inner surface thickly covered with zig-zag wavy lines. This species ranges from Sydney to North Queensland. _Sericea spectans_ is a slightly larger moth not unlike the last, but a little darker, with the transverse band thicker and more blurred, and with an eye-spot on each hind as well as each fore wing. [Illustration: Plate XXVI.--LEPIDOPTERA. Family Ophiderinae. 1. _Moenas (Ophideres) salaminia_ (Fabr.). 2. _Othreis fullonica_ (Linn.). ♂. 4. _Othreis fullonica_ (Linn.). ♀. Family NOCTUINA. 3. _Sericea spectans_ (Guérin). (Original photo. Burton.)] [Illustration: _Plate XXVI.--LEPIDOPTERA._] Family 15. Leaf Rollers. PYRALIDAE.