These moths are a very interesting division of the smaller lepidoptera on account of the habits of their larvae, which live upon the foliage of different plants in small communities, matting and drawing the leaves together with silken strands and feeding under the shelter thus constructed; when ready to pupate they usually curl the remains of one of the half-devoured leaves into a flimsy cocoon with a little silk, from which the moth emerges later on in the season. The majority of these moths are small and unattractive; at the same time we have some brightly green and yellow tinted species of medium size. The caterpillars are slender naked larvae, often green marked with black spots and a few scattered hairs; they are very active and drop to the ground whenever disturbed. These moths are easily separated by specialists from the preceding groups by the structure of the nervures of the hind wings. Several specialists have undertaken their classification: Meyrick (Trans. Ent. Soc. London 1890) placed them as a group containing 8 families: Ragonet (Ann. Ent. Soc. France 1890), while restricting them to 2 families, made 17 smaller divisions which he called tribes: Lower, who partly follows Meyrick, gives 13 families in his “Catalogue”; I simply deal with them here as a group, describing a number of typical forms with their life histories. [Illustration: =Fig. 133.=--The Common Flour Moth. _Asopia farinalis_ (Linn.).] _Margarodes vertonalis_ is a handsome bright green moth, with the margins of the outer edges of both pairs of wings marked with dark reddish brown; it measures about 1½ inches across the wings. The caterpillars, about an inch in length, are bright green mottled with black; the head shining reddish brown. My specimens were collected in the Botanical Gardens, Sydney, at the end of January; they were matting the tips of the branches of one of the ornamental shrubs (_Ochrosia moorei_) into irregular rounded masses. They pupated a week later and emerged before the end of the month. _Sceliodes cordalis_, measuring slightly over 1 inch across the wings, is of a uniform creamy tint; the whole of the fore wings are mottled with light brown, the tips blotched with the same colour; and the hind pair more spotted; my specimens were bred from the foliage of the egg plant.