The typical Genus _Chalcis_ contains a number of short stout insects, generally black, sometimes marked with yellow and brown; they are easily distinguished by the globular form of the thighs of the hind legs, which are sometimes nearly as large as the abdomen. These insects are chiefly parasitic upon the larvae of small leaf-rolling moths: _Chalcis vicaria_ is black, with the base of the tibiae and tarsi yellow; it is common about Mackay Queensland. I have bred numbers of _Chalcis phya_, a small black species with white mottled hind legs, from the chrysalids of the lucerne moth (_Tortrix glaphyriana_). Another undetermined yellow legged species has been bred from the codlin moth pupa. _Eurytoma binotata_, a tiny black insect clothed with a white pubescence, has the pronotum spotted with yellow, and the antennae and legs marked with reddish brown; it can be bred from the galls on the twigs of the turpentine gum. _E. eucalypti_, a smaller black species, slightly over ⅛ of an inch, comes out of eucalyptus galls collected at Uralla N.S.W. The members of the extensive Genus _Megastigmus_ are all obtained from galls; they are more elongate in form, with broad globular heads, the males with short cylindrical bodies, but the larger females furnished with bristle-like ovipositors turning upward often longer than the whole insect. _Megastigmus brachyscelides_ measures ¹⁄₁₂ of an inch, and is black to dark brown marked with yellow; it is bred from the large galls of _Brachyscelis crispa_. _M. iamenus_, originally described from Tasmania, I have bred from another gall coccid (_B. pileata_); also a larger light yellow species bred from dipterous galls on the Snow-bush (_Aster ramulosus_) has been named by Ashmead _M. asteri_; _M. brachychitoni_, ⅙ of an inch, reddish brown and yellow, is common in the large fleshy galls on the Kurrajong tree. [Illustration: =Fig. 44.=--_Hypodiranchis aphidis_ (Froggatt). A cynips parasitic upon the peach aphis. (“Agricultural Gazette,” N.S.W.)] _Stilbula peduncularis_ is a remarkable looking insect, with broad, rich metallic coppery red head and thorax; the basal portion of the abdomen forms a slender stalk with the apical tip produced into a small oval club. I have had a closely allied form out of the pupal cocoon of the red bull-dog ant.