The PERILAMPINAE comprise some of the largest and most remarkable chalcids: _Thaumasura terebrator_ has been described and figured by Westwood; my specimens came from S. Australia, and were sent by Mr. Blackburn. It is a slender, rich metallic purple insect, about ¼ of an inch in length to the apex of the flask-shaped body, which is continued in a long jointed tail three times the length of the whole insect. _T. femor-rubra_ is a smaller insect with a tail not so long as the body, and of a general black colour with transparent wings and reddish legs. _Dinoura auriventris_ is a very curious, metallic tinted species ¼ of an inch in length, with the apical portion of the attenuated abdomen produced into four flanges. I have bred a number of these wasps out of the large wood galls of coccids (_Brachyscelinae_), chiefly _B. pileata_. _Pteromalus puparum_ is an introduced parasite of butterfly pupae, and is common about Sydney, where it infests that of the orange feeding butterfly (_Papilio erectheus_). Another tiny little metallic tinted chalcid, _Eupelmus antipoda_, infests the eggs of our common mantis. [Illustration: =Fig. 45.=--_Pteromalus puparum_ (Linn.). ♂ and ♀. Parasitic Chalcids that destroy the pupae of many species of butterflies. (“Agricultural Gazette,” N.S.W.)] About twenty species of the cosmopolitan Genus _Tetrasticus_ are described by Walker, chiefly from Tasmania. The allied _Tetrastichodes froggatti_ is a very tiny creature, described by Ashmead from shot-like galls on the leaves of eucalypts. _Euryischia lestophoni_, a larger black insect with mottled wings, is interesting to economic entomologists, as it is a secondary parasite of the Cottony Cushion Scale (_Icerya purchasi_), feeding on the fly parasite. * * * * *