On the next day the Phaeacians loaded Odysseus with presents and landed
him on his own island while he slept. Poseidon in anger at the arrival
of the hero changed the returning Phaeacian ship into stone when it was
almost within the harbour of the city. When Odysseus awoke he failed to
recognise his own land. Athena appeared to him disguised as a shepherd,
telling him he was indeed in Ithaca:
"Thou art witless or art come from afar, if thou enquirest about
this land. It is not utterly unknown; many know it who dwell in the
East and in the West. It is rough and unfitted for steeds, yet it is
not a sorry isle, though narrow. It hath plenteous store of corn and
the vine groweth herein. It hath alway rain and glistening dew. It
nourisheth goats and cattle and all kinds of woods and its streams
are everlasting."
Such is the description of the land for which Odysseus forsook Calypso's
offer of immortality. After smiling at Odysseus' pretence that he was
a Cretan Athena counselled him how to slay the suitors and hurried to
fetch Telemachus from Sparta. The poet tells why Athena loved Odysseus
more than all others.
"Crafty would he be and a cunning trickster who surpassed thee in
wiles, though it were a god who challenged thee. We know craft
enough, both of us, for thou art by far the best of mortals in speech
and counsel and I among the gods am famed for devices and cunning."
Transformed by her into an old beggar, Odysseus went to the hut of
his faithful old swineherd Eumaeus; the dogs set upon him, but Eumaeus
scared them away and welcomed him to his dwelling. In spite of Odysseus'
assurance that the master would return Eumaeus, who had been often
deceived by similar words, refused to believe. Feigning himself to be
a Cretan, Odysseus saw for himself that the old servant's loyalty was
steadfast; a deft touch brings out his care for his master's substance:
"laying a bed for Odysseus before the fire, he went out and slept
among the dogs in a cave beneath the breath of the winds."
By the intervention of Athena the two leading characters are brought
together. She stood beside the sleeping Telemachus in Sparta, warning
him of the ambush set for him in Ithaca and bidding him to land on a
lonely part of the coast whence he was to proceed to the hut of Eumaeus.
On his departure from Sparta an omen was interpreted by Helen to mean
that Odysseus was not far from home. As he was on the point of leaving
Pylos on the morrow a bard named Theoclymenus appealed to him for
protection, for he had slain a man and was a fugitive from justice.
Taking him on board Telemachus frustrated the ambush, landing in safety;
he proceeded to Eumaeus' hut, where Odysseus had with some difficulty
been persuaded to remain.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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