After a choral ode a piece of intense tragic horror follows. The
messenger tells the names of the champions who are to assault the gates.
As he names them and the boastful or impious mottoes on their shields,
the King names the Theban champions who are to quell their pride in the
fear of the gods. Five of the insolent attackers are mentioned, then the
only righteous one of the invading force, Amphiaraus the seer; he it was
who rebuked the violence of Tydeus, the evil genius among the besiegers,
and openly reviled Polyneices for attacking his own native land. He had
prophesied his own death before the city, yet resolved to meet his fate
nobly; on his shield alone was no device, for he wished to be, not to
seem, a good man. The pathos of the impending ruin of a great character
through evil associations is heightened by the terror of what follows.
Only one gate remains without an assailant, the gate Eteocles is to
defend; it is to be attacked by the King's own brother, Polyneices.
Filled with horror, the Chorus begs him send another to that gate,
for "there can be no old age to the pollution of kindred bloodshed".
Recognising that his father's curse is working itself out, he departs to
kill and be killed by his own brother, for "when the gods send evil none
can avoid it".
In an interval the Chorus reflect on their King's impending doom. His
father's curse strikes them with dread; Oedipus himself was born of a
father Laius who, though warned thrice by Apollo that if he died without
issue he would save his land, listened to the counsels of friends and
in imprudence begat his own destroyer. Their song is interrupted by a
messenger who announces that they have prospered at six gates, but at
the seventh the two brothers have slain each other. This news inspires
another song in which the joy of deliverance gradually yields to pity
for an unhappy house, cursed and blighted, the glory of Oedipus serving
but to make more acute the shame of his latter end and the triumph of
the ruin he invoked on his sons. The agony of this scene is intensified
by the entry of Ismene and Antigone, Oedipus' daughters, the latter
mourning for Polyneices, the former for Eteocles. The climax is
reached when a herald announces a decree made by the senate and people.
Eteocles, their King who defended the land, was to be buried with all
honours, but Polyneices was to lie unburied. Calmly and with great
dignity Antigone informs the herald that if nobody else buries her
brother, she will. A warning threat fails to move her. The play closes
with a double note of terror at the doom of Polyneices and pity for the
death of a brave King.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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