A messenger rushes in. The robe and crown have burnt to death Glauce the
bride and her father who vainly tried to save her: Jason is coming with
all speed to punish the murderess. She listens with unholy joy, retires
and slays the children. Jason runs in and madly batters at the door to
save them. He is checked by the apparition of Medea seated in her car
drawn by dragons. Reviled by him as a murderess, she replies that
the death of the children was agony to her as well and prophesies a
miserable death for him.
This marvellous character is Euripides' Clytemnestra. Yet unlike her,
she remains absolutely human throughout; her weak spot was her maternal
affection which made her hesitate, while Clytemnestra was past feeling,
"not a drop being left". Medea is the natural Southern woman who takes
the law into her own hands. In the _Trachiniae_ is another, outraged as
Medea was, yet forgiving. Truly Sophocles said he painted men as they
ought to be, Euripides as they were.
The _Hippolytus_ in 429 won the first prize. It is important as
introducing a revolutionary practice into drama. Aphrodite in a prologue
declares she will punish Hippolytus for slighting her and preferring to
worship Artemis, the goddess of hunting. The young prince passes out to
the chase; as he goes, his attention is drawn to a statue of Aphrodite
by his servants who warn him that men hate unfriendly austerity, but he
treats their words with contempt. His stepmother Phaedra enters with the
Nurse, the Chorus consisting of women of Troezen, the scene of the play.
A secret malady under which Phaedra pines has so far baffled the Nurse
who now learns that she loves her stepson. She had striven in vain
against this passion, only to find like Olivia that
Such a potent fault it is
That it but mocks reproof.
She decided to die rather than disgrace herself and her city Athens. The
Nurse advises her not to sacrifice herself for such a common passion;
a remedy there must be: "Men would find it, if women had not found
it already". "She needs not words, but the man." Scandalised by this
cynicism the Queen bids her be silent; the woman tells her she has
potent charms within the house which will rid her of the malady without
danger to her good name or her life. Phaedra suspects her plan
and absolutely forbids her to speak with Hippolytus. The answer is
ambiguous:
"Be of good cheer; I will order the matter well. Only Queen
Aphrodite be my aid. For the rest, it will suffice to tell my
plan to my friends within."
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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