This despair is rendered more hopeless when she learns that the Greeks
have decided to throw her little son Astyanax from the walls.
Menelaus comes forward, gloating at the revenge he hopes to wreak on
Helen. On seeing him Hecuba first prays:--
"Thou who art earth's support and hast thy seat on earth, whoever
thou art, past finding out, Zeus, whether thou art a natural
Necessity or man's Intelligence, to thee I pray. Moving in a
noiseless path thou orderest all things human in righteousness."
She continues:--
"I praise thee, Menelaus, if thou wilt indeed slay thy wife, but
fly her sight, lest she snare thee with desire. She catcheth men's
eyes, sacketh cities, burneth homes, so potent are her charms. I
know her as thou dost and all who have suffered from her."
Hecuba and Helen then argue about the responsibility for the war. The
latter in shameless impudence pleads that she has saved Greece from
invasion and that Love who came with Paris to Sparta was the cause of
her fault. Hecuba ridicules the idea that Hera and Artemis could desire
any prize of beauty. It was lust of Trojan gold that tempted Helen;
never once was she known to bewail her sin in Troy, rather she always
tried to attract men's eyes. Such a woman's death would be a crown
of glory to Greece. Menelaus says her fate will be decided in Argos.
Talthybius brings in the body of Astyanax, over which Hecuba bursts into
a lament of exceptional beauty and then passes out to slavery.
In this drama Euripides draws upon all his resources of pathos. It is
a succession of brilliantly conceived sorrows. Cassandra's exulting
prophecy of the revenge she is to bring is one of the great things in
Euripides. In this play we have a most vivid picture of the destructive
effects of evil, an inevitable consequence of which it is that the
woman, however innocent she may be, always pays. Hecuba drank the cup of
bereavement to the very last drop.
The _Electra_, acted about 418, is characteristic. Electra has been
compelled to marry a Mycenean labourer, a man of noble instincts who
respects the princess and treats her as such. Both enter the scene; the
man goes to labour for Electra, "for no lazy man by merely having
God's name on his lips can make a livelihood without toil". Orestes and
Pylades at first imagine Electra to be a servant; learning the truth
they come forward and question her. She tells the story of her mother's
shame and Aegisthus' insolence which Orestes promises to recount to her
brother, "for in ignorant men there is no spark of pity anywhere, only
in the learned." The labourer returns and by his speech moves Orestes to
declare that birth is no test of nobility. Electra sends him to fetch
an old Tutor of her father to make ready for her two guests; he departs
remarking that there is just enough food in the house for one day.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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