These levers are differently disposed and arranged on the wheel, or on the column supporting the wheel shaft, but the illustration is sufficient to show the principle of construction, and we are interested only in the types and not in the modifications which are available, and are constantly being made to meet certain conditions. [Illustration: Fig. 21. Steering Gear.] STEERING GEAR.--Fig. 21 shows an approved form of construction for the gear, which converts the rotating motion to a direct line movement. In this the hollow supporting column A, is firmly fixed to a base B. The shaft C which passes through the column, has a worm D at its lower end, and is journaled in a base E, which carries a cross shaft F, in which is mounted the worm wheel G. One end of the shaft F has an arm H for moving the arms of the wheel knuckles. Within the tubular shaft C, is a tubular shaft I, for the throttle lever to operate, the lower end of which has an arm J, and within the shaft I, is a shaft K for the sparking lever, the lower end having an arm L. In the best cars all these parts are made adjustable, so as to provide for wear. In examining or selecting a car, this is one of the points to note. [Illustration: Fig. 22. Type of Front Axle.] FRONT AXLE.--Fig. 22 shows a common form of front axle, with knuckles and cross connecting rod A, the latter providing means, by the nuts B C, for alineing the wheels. THE BRAKES.--These are made in two types, one which is usually in the form of a contracting band, and the other which expands. All cars are now equipped with two braking systems, one being the service, or running brake, and the other the emergency brake. These brakes are all of the drum type, and are either expanding, or contracting bands tightening against the drums. [Illustration: Fig. 23. Contracting Brake.] [Illustration: Fig. 24. Expanding Brake.] RUNNING BRAKE.--The running brake is operated by the foot pedal, whereas the emergency brake is generally connected up with the lever at the side of the seat. The foot pedal is on some cars connected with the clutch in such a way that when pedal is pressed to set the brake, the clutch is released. This prevents an inexperienced or confused driver from applying the brake when he forgets to release the clutch. DOUBLE-ACTING CONTRACTING BRAKE.--Fig. 23 shows the manner in which a double-acting contracting brake operates. As the band A, has a tension on each end, when the rod B, is drawn forwardly, it is immaterial which way the brake drum C travels. In Fig. 24 the drum C has a pair of oppositely-disposed shoes D, which are held in such a position that they are not revoluble, and may be moved outwardly by the lever E and links F. These figures, of course, show merely the simple forms of the two types, and do not go into the refinements of construction which make them so effective in service.