BY J. S. ZERBE, M.E. _Author of Motors--Aeroplanes_ _ILLUSTRATED_ NEW YORK CUPPLES & LEON COMPANY COPYRIGHT, 1915, BY CUPPLES & LEON COMPANY CONTENTS PAGE INTRODUCTORY 1 CHAPTER I. AUTOMOBILE HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT 5-12 Development of the Industry. The First Patent. Newton’s car. Watt’s Invention. Traction. Push legs. Power. Springs. Water Tube Boiler. The First Differential. The First Gas Motor Car. Gasoline Car. Flash Boiler System. The Carbureter. Improved Structures. The Order of Development. Speed vs. Power. Lighter Vehicles. CHAPTER II. THE FRAME AND ITS ACCESSORIES 13-23 The Frame. Channel-bar Frames. How the Frame is suspended. Fore and aft Motion. Lateral Motion. Cantilever Spring. Shock Absorbers. The Axle. Live Axles. Dead Axles. Semi-Floating Axle. Full Floating Axle. Wheels. Flexibility. Large vs. Small Wheels. Minimizing Shocks. Resiliency. CHAPTER III. TIRES, TUBES AND RIMS 24-36 Tires. Solid Tires. Cushion Tires. Pneumatic Tires. Single Tubes. Double Tubes. The Outer Tube. The Inner Tube. Advantage of Double Tube. Putting on and Taking off Double Tubes. Damage to Tires. Repair to Tires. Vulcanizing. Oil as an enemy of Tires. Non-skidding Tires. Tires for City Use. Side slipping. Faulty Alinement. Broken Fabric. Bruises. Under Inflation. Stretched Tires. Blistered Tires. Rim Cutting. Inflation Pressures. Expansion of Heated Air. CHAPTER IV. THE STEERING GEAR AND BRAKES 37-45 The Steering Column. Motor Control. Throttle Movement. Steering Wheel Type. Steering Gear. Front Axle. Running Brake. Double-acting Contracting Brake. Contracting Brake. Equalizers. The Emergency Brake. Combined Service and Emergency Brake. CHAPTER V. THE DIFFERENTIAL 46-54 The Meaning of Differential. Equalizing Bar. Unequal Resistance. Balanced Equalizer Bar. Transmission Wheel. Action of Transmission Gearing. CHAPTER VI. THE DRIVE 55-61 Power Transmitted to Wheels through Springs. Illustrating power transmission. Torsion Rod. The Torque Tube. Radius Rod. Chain Drive. Jack Shaft. Objections to Chains. Shaft Drive. Train of Shafting. CHAPTER VII. CLUTCHES 62-68