AN EXPERIMENT WITH GASOLINE.--Experiments have been made with gasoline
which show better than anything else where the danger lies, and what
should be avoided. A can, partly filled with gasoline, was permitted
to stand for a few minutes, until some of the gasoline was allowed to
evaporate. The escaping vapor of course readily ignited and burned,
but no explosion followed. It burned, but the blaze was at the top
only. The gasoline in the can did not burn; only the vapor which was
collecting and escaping at the top.
Gasoline was next put into a half pint cream bottle, so that it
was half full. The opening of such a bottle is nearly as large
diametrically as the bottle itself. After allowed to stand so as to
permit evaporation to take place, a lighted match was thrust down
into the gasoline. While the vapor at the top burned, the gasoline
extinguished the match, the reason being that there was not enough
oxygen within the bottle at the region of the surface of the gasoline
to make an explosive mixture, and there was not an explosive mixture
formed until the vapor had issued from the mouth of the bottle, and
came into contact with the surrounding atmosphere.
AIR NECESSARY FOR EXPLOSION.--The fact is, the hydro-carbon in the
gasoline needs air to support combustion, and it must have at least
three parts of oxygen (which means fifteen parts of air), to one part
of carbon, before it can be ignited. Air, for this purpose, cannot by
any possibility, find its way down into the bottle, hence it will be
seen that no danger need be anticipated from this source.
The inexperienced, however, will tell you, that he knows it will
explode, because he has had some experience of that kind. Let us
explain what happened in these explosions, and then the difference in
the conditions will be understood.
MAKING AN EXPLOSIVE MIXTURE.--The same bottle used with the previous
experiment was then taken, and the same amount of gasoline put into
it. Air was then fanned into it, and a match applied. An explosion
followed, because enough air has been admitted to make an inflammable
gas.
If the mouth of the bottle is large enough to permit the products of
combustion to pass out, no harm results; but if the opening of the
bottle is too small, then the expanding gases will shatter the bottle.
GUNPOWDER.--Gunpowder acts differently, for the following reasons:
Enough oxygen is compounded with the gunpowder to support combustion,
and when a sufficient heat is applied it requires no outside air to
cause combustion. The principal constituent of gunpowder is a fuel; so
with gasoline. Every fuel requires oxygen before it will burn.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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