This is total alienation. The donor is not making an indirect provision
for himself, but waives all claims to be the chief priest of the temple.
(M545) Here is an example of a dedication of children:(574)
Tablet of Ishtar-ummi and Aḫatâni, daughters of Innabatum.
Innabatum, daughter of Bur-Sin, has dedicated them to Shamash. As
long as Innabatum lives, Ishtar-ummi and Aḫatâni shall support
her, and after Innabatum, their mother [is dead], no one among her
sons, their brothers, shall have any claim on them for anything
whatever. They have sworn by Shamash, Malkat, Marduk, and
Apil-Sin. Fifteen witnesses (of whom the first two are probably
the brothers, the rest females, probably all votaries of Shamash
and members of the convent.)
In another case, a mother dedicates her son to Shamash,(575) with the
stipulation that the son shall support her as long as she lives.
(M546) In Assyrian times we have an example(576) of a dedication of a son
to Ninip, by his mother, with consent of her brothers and their sons. A
father also dedicates his son to Ninip(577) for the well-being of
Ashurbânipal, King of Assyria. This is interesting as showing that the
dedicator acquired merit, which he could transfer to another. Both tablets
are defective. In another case, Aḫi-dalli, the lady governor of one
quarter of Nineveh, purchases a large estate and presents it to some god
“for the health of the king.”(578) Votive tablets giving the presentation
of various articles to some god are common enough at all periods.
(M547) Testamentary devolution of property was not the rule in Assyria or
Babylonia, where the law of inheritance was so firmly fixed that it would
be naturally illegal. As a rule, children did not inherit under their
fathers’ will, but by right. However, the Code allows a father to give his
married or vowed daughter power to leave her property as she will,(579)
and it is probable that he had the same power over at least some of his
property. The very frequent cases of adoption, where the adopted child
becomes heir, on condition of supporting the parent as long as he lives,
and the cases of gift _retento usufructu_, are a sort of testamentary
disposition of property.
This developed with time into something very like testament. But we always
have to bear in mind that conditions may have been understood which are
not actually expressed.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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