It is clear that Lalu was one of those privileged officials who held lands
by royal charter, and who could not be dispossessed of their land. The
Code directs(824) that a governor shall not lend on mortgage to a reeve or
runner or tributary, under pain of death. Although a _kadurru_ is not
there named, this letter makes it probable he was similarly protected. It
is interesting to notice where the record was to be found. The palace, or
“great house,” was the residence of the governor. The tablet probably
recorded the appointment of Lalu to his benefice; it therefore was his
title-deed. An interesting question may be raised here. Did Ḥammurabi mean
in his own palace? It may be so, for he writes in another letter:(825)
(M767)
To Sin-iddinam say, thus saith Ḥammurabi: One _GAN_ of
water-meadow, a field in the district of Dûr-gurgurri is an old
possession of Ea-lubanî. In a tablet it is inscribed as his. Give
the field to Ea-lubanî.
Now how could Ḥammurabi know this unless the tablet had been shown to him?
Perhaps the claimant brought his tablet with him when he came to lay his
plea before the king. That is quite possible, but it may well be that the
king insisted that all title-deeds be deposited in the capital.
(M768) An order for the restoration of stolen corn appears in another
letter:(826)
To Sin-iddinam say, thus saith Ḥammurabi: Ṭummumu of Nippur hath
informed me thus, saith he, “I deposited seventy _GUR_ of corn in
a granary in Unabu and Amêl-ili has opened the granary and taken
the corn.” Thus he hath informed me. Now I will send Ṭummumu
himself to thee. Send and let them bring Amêlili to thee. See what
they have to say. The corn belonging to Ṭummumu which Amêl-ili
took let him return to Ṭummumu.
Another letter reads thus:(827)
To Sin-iddinam say, thus saith Ḥammurabi: Ilushu-iḳîsh, the
merchant, over five, has informed me thus, saith he, “Thirty _GUR_
of corn I gave to Sin-mâgir, the _Šakkanak_, and I took his
receipt. I have asked for it for three years and he has not given
back the corn.” Thus hath he informed me. I have seen his receipt.
Cause Sin-mâgir to give up the corn and its interest and give it
to Ilu-shu-iḳîsh.
The title “over five” seems to be meant literally. He was a superior
merchant. Like many another hint, this speaks for the strict organization
of each class of the community. The _Šakkanak_ was usually the superior
official, “governor,” of a city, or of a ward of a city. We are not told
what was Sin-mâgir’s district. But it was under Sin-iddinam’s rule. In
other letters we read of a Sin-mâgir being sent to Babylon.(828) Perhaps
he refused to give up the corn.
Another letter illustrates the incidence of taxes and the relations of
landlord and tenant:(829)
(M769)
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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