Babylonia, its importance and situation, 1; the increase of land, 2; and its culture, 6; various nationalities, 7; Chaldean associations, _ibid._; Kassite influence, 7, 8; the inhabitants, 9; trade, _ibid._, 107; architecture, 9; writing, 10; mode of burial, 10, 11; cosmogony, 11; fertility, 11, 12; features of family life, 13 ff.; dowry and divorce, 20 ff.; polygamy, 27; matrimony, 29; inheritance, 31; adoption, 36 ff.; citizenship, 41; names, 45 ff.; literature, 52-54; burial, 62-66; slavery, 67 ff.; labourers, 82 ff., 148; manners and customs, 90 ff.; manufactures, 107 ff.; house property, 118-120; land, 120 ff.; money-lending, 157 ff.; bankers, 151; barristers, 161; government, 168 ff.; army, 177 ff.; law, 95 ff.; letter-writing, 208 ff.; religion, 231 ff. Balawât, description of shrine at, 247 Bankers, firms of, 127; and money-lending, 151 ff. Barbers, position of, 105 Beating the bounds, custom of, 121 Bedâwin, as shepherds, 82; wages of, 86 Beer-houses, 113 Bel, “The Illumination of Bel,” 60 Bel-Katsir, a plea set aside, 28; his adoption, 37 Bel-Merodach and sonship, 36, 168, 169; hymns and prayers, 260 Berachiel, his action for adoption, 38, 39 Berossus, origin of Babylon, 1 Bethels in shrines, 248 Bitumen, use of, 90; prices of, 147 “Black Stone” of Mecca, 248 Borsippa, University at, 54; “The Epic of the Creation,” 55 Branding in the sole, 44 Brick-makers, importance of, 137, 138 Burial, method of Babylonian, 10, 62 ff.; place of, 62; cemeteries, 62; rites of, 63; tombs, 64 Canaanitish Women, legal status, 19 Cape of Good Hope, 45 Carchemish, importance of, 156; maneh of, 159 Carpenters, 134 Cemeteries, 62 Chaldea, the origin of, 7 Chariots for army, 178 Circumcision, 47 Clay-tablets, use of, 51 Colonies of Amorites, 187 Concubines, allowed, 25; purchaseable, 26 Cosmetics, wide use of, 105 Cosmological beliefs, 243 Cremation, practised, 62 Cuneiform writing, 49; use of clay, 50, 209; chapters, 52; origin, 209 Custom-house, place of, 111 Customs: manner of building, 90 ff.; furniture, 96 ff.; dress, 99 ff.; the cylinder, 102; beards, 104, 105; cosmetics, 105 Cylinder, worn on arm, 102; designs on, 103; patterns of, 103 Death, belief about, 242 Divorce, among Babylonians, 20-25; position of divorced wives, 28; instances, 196, 197 Doctors. _See under_ “Medicine” Dowry and divorce, 19 ff.; penalties, 26; reasons of divorce, _ibid._ Dress, many varieties of, 99; priest’s, 101; poor person’s, 101; women’s, 102; seal cylinder, 102 Duty, on sheep, 111; levy of, 113 Ea, the god of Eridu, 3, 260; founder of law, 195; the spirit, 232; the temple of, 236; Semitic influence, 237 Ebers Papyrus on medicine, 163 Eclipses mentioned, 219