Boast of Love--Hatred for Shiahs--For Persecutors--For Mullahs--Abusive language--Vindictiveness--Addiction to alcohol and opium--Testimonies. X. RELIGIOUS ASSASSINATION 219 Strife between Baha and Azal in Bagdad--Baha goes to Kurdistan--Dissension at Adrianople--Testimony of an eye-witness--Attempted assassinations--Plots and counter plots--Bahais assassinate Azalis at Acca--Other assassinations--In Bagdad, in Persia--Attitude towards taking of life--Suicide commended--Psychological attestation--Traditional custom--Assassination practiced in Islam--Testimonies--Azali hatred. XI. THE QUARREL OVER THE SUCCESSION 247 Claim to love refuted--Death of Baha--Titles of sons--Quarrel over will--Abbas assumes Pontiffship--Brothers protest--Bitter schism--Boycott, anathema--Appeal to Turkish government--Results in restriction of liberty--Quarrel and schism in Persia--In America. XII. BAHAISM IN AMERICA 263 First notices of--Kheiralla--His converts--Writings--An American Azali--Pilgrims to Acca--Quarrel and schism--Abdul Karim--Abul Fazl--Methods of propaganda--Publications--Orient Occident Unity--Abdul Baha visits America--Press agents--Photographs, movies--Addresses--Attitude of public--Communion service of Bahais--Bahai Temple, Mashrak ul Azkar--Memorial vase--Influence in America--Chicago congregation--Number in U. S. A. exaggerated--Statistics of other religious fads--Christian liberalism excessive. BIBLIOGRAPHY 287 INDEX 291 Introduction Among movements in the Mohammedan world in modern times Babi-Bahaism is one of the most interesting. It is a definite revolt from Islam within its own fold. It has won its way in Persia amid considerable persecution to a position as a separate religion. It has added another to the permanent sects of the Near East. There Christian missions, inspired to long-postponed effort to convert Mohammedanism, have come face to face with Bahaism as a new and aggressive force. It has laid out a program as a universal religion, has crossed the seas and aspires to convert Christendom. Interest in it has been increased by this propaganda in the West and by the visits to Europe for this purpose of its present head, Abdul Baha Abbas, in 1911 and 1912. Besides those who are interested in Bahaism as students of history and comparative religions, there are several classes who have shown marked favour to Bahaism.