Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor, approximately 1123-1190; Germany -- History -- Frederick I, 1152-1190
When the standard fell, the Germans wavered. When they no longer saw the
gleam of the Emperor’s helmet and heard the exultant shouts of the
enemy, they gave up all for lost. Their noblest and stoutest fighters
either had fallen or were incapacitated for further resistance. They
began to give way. The enemy charged them on all sides, and they were
soon routed. Thousands were drowned in the Ticino, and thousands more
were killed in retreat.
The Germans were in a lamentable plight, for they believed they had lost
their Emperor. His devoted spouse, when she heard the news of the
disaster, clad herself in mourning and was inconsolable over her
loss.[15] The enemy were jubilant, for their most formidable foe was no
more. Then came the news, which sounded like a romance, that the Emperor
was living, and was safe and well in his faithful Pavia, to which city
he had fought his way with his friend Conrad. Who can describe the
change of feeling on both sides when this news was confirmed? To his
faithful followers he was still their great leader and Emperor. To the
enemy he was more an object of fear than a whole army.
As Frederick could not expect any further reinforcements from Germany,
and the Lombardians feared to take part any longer in outside matters,
an agreement was made for a six years’ truce, to be followed by a treaty
of peace. Concessions were granted on both sides. Each retained its own
rights and respected those of the other. This was as satisfactory to the
Emperor as a great victory would have been, for there was a divine
spirit of compassion as well as of heroic courage in his nature. He did
not love war, but when forced to make war he was a lion.
A sorrowful duty, which he could not shirk except at the risk of the
disintegration of the Empire, awaited him at home. It will be remembered
that Henry the Lion had refused service to him on the ground of age, and
paid no heed to his earnest pleading for assistance. His excuse was a
lie. He had shown, during the Emperor’s absence, that he was not too old
for war by harrying and attacking his neighbors. It was the Duke’s
disobedience and defiance which forced the Emperor to humble this
insolent vassal. Besides this, the German princes also demanded the
punishment of this disturber of their peace. Frederick would gladly have
effected his purpose in some mild way, but it was impossible. Henry
failed to appear before the Reichstag after being thrice summoned. The
decision was then announced that he should be outlawed as a disobedient
vassal and deprived of all his rights.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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