1123 Birth. 1147 Married Adelaide; succeeded his father as Duke of Swabia; accompanied the second Crusade. 1152 Received the Crown of Germany. 1153 Divorced Adelaide. 1154 First Italian Campaign. 1155 Crowned Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire. 1156 Restored the Duchy of Bavaria to Henry the Lion; married Beatrice, daughter of the Count of Burgundy. 1157 Secured allegiance of Poland and Hungary. 1158 Second Italian Campaign. 1160 Excommunicated by Pope Alexander III. 1164-1174 Italian Campaigns. 1176 Defeated at Legnano. 1177 Made truce for six years with the Italian cities. 1183 Treaty of Constance. 1183 Led the third Crusade with Richard the Lion-Hearted of England and Philip Augustus of France. 1190 Death in Asia Minor by drowning. Footnotes [1]The first Crusade for the recovery of the Holy Land from the infidels, as they were called, was led by Godfrey of Bouillon (1096-1099), and resulted in the capture of Jerusalem. The second (1147-1149), advocated by Saint Bernard, was unsuccessful. The third (1189-1192), in which Frederick Barbarossa of Germany, Richard the Lion-hearted of England, and Phillip Augustus of France were associated, failed in the reconquest of Jerusalem, which the Musssulmans had retaken in 1187. The fourth (1202-1204) resulted in the establishment of a Latin Empire at Constantinople, under Count Baldwin of Flanders. The fifth, under Frederick II (1228-1229), the sixth (1248-1250) and the seventh (1270-1271), under St. Louis of France, were unsuccessful. [2]Godfrey of Bouillon was born in Brabant in 1061, and died in Jerusalem in 1100. He was made Duke of Lower Lotharingia, Germany, in 1088, and joined the Crusade in 1096. He was the leader in the capture of Jerusalem and was made its King, but preferred to be known as Protector of the Holy Sepulchre. He completed the conquest of the Holy Land by defeating the Sultan at Ascalon, 1099. [3]Saint Bernard, a French ecclesiastic, was born in Burgundy in 1091, and died at Clairvaux in 1153. He became abbot of Clairvaux in 1115, and held that position until his death. He had great influence in ecclesiastical politics, and preached the second Crusade in 1146.