Barrier beaches of the Atlantic coastMerrill, Frederick J. H. (Frederick James Hamilton)
Science
Barrier beaches of the Atlantic coast
Merrill, Frederick J. H. (Frederick James Hamilton)
Barrier islands; Beaches -- New Jersey
According to records in the office of the Surveyor-General of East
Jersey and in that of the United States Coast Survey, the point of
Sandy Hook advanced northward about one mile between 1685 and 1885. The
lighthouse was built about 1764 near the water’s edge, and the ground
on which it stands had then existed for only fifteen years as a portion
of _terra firma_.
In 1844 the point was about two hundred and fifty yards north of
its present limit. Since that date it has receded slowly toward the
south, and toward the west has extended a quarter of a mile. We have
no evidence concerning the date of formation of the old “Hook” which
existed before 1685. It is now well marked by immense forest trees,
which exceed in height and size of trunk any of their species known to
the writer in the neighborhood of New York.
The rapid growth of Sandy Hook is due to a current which flows
northward from the vicinity of Manasquan, carrying with it a great
quantity of sand removed from the water-front of Asbury Park, Long
Branch, Seabright, and that vicinity, which is dropped along the border
of the “Hook” and its extremity. The investigations of the United
States Coast and Geodetic Survey have shown that the ebb and flow of
the tides from and to New York Bay produce this current by drawing a
stream of water through False Hook Channel, which lies between Sandy
Hook and a submerged bar called False Hook half a mile to the east.
The stream flows northward more than seven hours out of twelve, and
from this fact property-owners in the neighborhood of Long Branch may
appreciate what becomes of their real estate when it disappears during
the storms. If there were any means of identifying the soil, it might
all be found on the rapidly growing point of Sandy Hook.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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