_Pine baths_ are in great repute in regions where pine-trees are plentiful, as in the Black Forest, the Harz Mountains, and elsewhere. A decoction is made of the fragrant tops of the pine-trees, and this is added to the baths in varying quantities. It is also largely exported in a concentrated form from the regions in which it is made. The smell of the pine extract is most delicious, and the resin which it contains has an undoubted stimulating action upon the skin. Blood, milk and whey, as well as various broths and decoctions of meat, have been used in the belief that they imparted strength to the bather. It is indeed a practice in some northern countries, even in the present day, to envelop a weak or dying patient in the skin of a freshly killed animal, the invalid thereby being supposed to imbibe some of the vital power of the recently slaughtered beast. On the banks of the Nile, _slime_ has been used as a bath, and in some places _sea-mud_ has been used for the same purpose. _Sand baths_, or arenation, belong to the remedies which are hallowed by antiquity. The patient is buried in the sand, and exposed to the full rays of the sun, and the combined effect of the heat and the surface irritation produces a copious perspiration. At some sea-bathing establishments _baths of sea-weed_ are given, under the name of ozone baths, from the belief, right or wrong, that sea-weed is impregnated with ozone. In some old works we find baths of _dung_ strongly recommended; and even at the present day it is the practice, among some of the half-civilised Eastern nations, to smear the body with dung for the cure of all varieties of ailments. Various refuse matters have been used as baths, among which we may mention the _husk of the grape_, in countries where the vine is largely cultivated, and the _refuse of the olive_ in oil-making countries. Medicated baths may be artificially prepared, and many such are in common use in medicine. Among these we may mention-- 1. The group of so-called _emollient_ baths, which have the following composition: To thirty gallons of water, there may be added from two to six pounds of _bran_; or a pound of _potato flour_; or a couple of pounds of _gelatine_; or a pound of _linseed meal_; or four pounds of _marsh mallow_, or other herbs. 2. _Alkaline baths_ are made by adding to thirty gallons of water, from four to six ounces of carbonate of soda or potash, and occasionally an equal quantity of borax. 3. _Acid baths_ contain an ounce or more of muriatic, nitric or nitro-muriatic acid, to each thirty gallons of water. 4. Iodine or Bromine may be added to baths.