Battles of English HistoryGeorge, H. B. (Hereford Brooke)
History
Battles of English History
George, H. B. (Hereford Brooke)
Battles -- Great Britain
Wellington's army was distributed as follows, the front being generally
behind the country road from Wavre. On the extreme left, which was
unprotected by any natural features, were two brigades of light
cavalry, Vivian's and Vandeleur's. Next came two Hanoverian brigades,
Vincke's and Best's: then, a little further back, Pack's brigade
consisting of the 1st, 42nd, 44th and 92nd British regiments. To the
right of Pack, extending as far as the high road, was Kempt's brigade,
comprising the 28th, 32nd, 79th and 1st battalion 95th. A Dutch-Belgian
division was posted in front of this, the left half of the line. One
brigade occupied the hamlet and farms that partially protected the
front: the other, Bylandt's, was posted on the slope facing the south,
where it was exposed to crushing fire from the French artillery, which
so shook it that early in the battle it gave way, retired in confusion
over the ridge, and could be used no more. This was almost the only
mistake made by Wellington in the actual tactics of the battle: one
other only can be cited against him, and that as it happened was in the
same part of the field. The farm of La Haye Sainte, a large courtyard
with solid walls and buildings round it, just on the high road and
protecting the very centre of the whole position, was garrisoned but
slightly, and was not prepared for defence, nor were the troops in it
supplied, as they should have been, with ample stores of ammunition. La
Haye Sainte was garrisoned from one of two German brigades, Ompteda's
and Kielmansegge's, which lay immediately to the right of the high
road. Next to them came Sir Colin Halkett's English, these three
brigades forming Count Alten's division. To the right, more or less
behind Hougomont, and furnishing a great part of its garrison, was
posted General Cooke's division, consisting of Maitland's and Byng's
brigades of guards. To the right of the guards, Mitchell's English
brigade lined the cross road which runs north-west from near Hougomont
to Braine-la-Leud, a couple of miles off, where a Belgian division
was posted; they thus guarded the right of the position. In rear of
the guards lay Clinton's division, one brigade of which, Adam's,
played a very important part in the last stage of the battle: this
division was well placed to act as a reserve for any part of the line.
The regular reserve of about 10,000 men, of which over one-third were
cavalry, was placed a mile or so in rear of the centre. The rest of the
cavalry formed a second line in rear of the right and centre, the heavy
cavalry, Somerset's brigade of guards and Ponsonby's Union brigade (the
Royal Dragoons, Scots Greys, and Inniskillings), being close to right
and left of the high road. The artillery was not massed together after
the fashion which has generally prevailed in recent wars; the field
batteries were distributed along the front, in the proportion of about
one battery to each brigade, and the horse artillery was similarly
joined to the cavalry.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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